Afifi, Tracie O, MacMillan, Harriet L, Boyle, Michael et al. · Health reports · 2016
This study looked at whether experiencing abuse as a child is linked to physical health problems in adults. Researchers surveyed over 23,000 Canadian adults and found that people who experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, or witnessed domestic violence as children were more likely to have various physical health conditions as adults, including chronic fatigue syndrome. These associations remained even after accounting for factors like smoking and obesity.
This study provides population-level evidence that childhood trauma is associated with chronic fatigue syndrome in adulthood, suggesting that ME/CFS may be one of several chronic conditions with roots in early adversity. Understanding these associations helps ME/CFS researchers and clinicians recognize trauma as a potential contributing factor and may inform more compassionate, trauma-informed care approaches.
This study demonstrates association only, not causation—childhood abuse does not definitively cause chronic fatigue syndrome. The cross-sectional design cannot establish temporal relationships or rule out confounding factors. Additionally, self-reported physician diagnoses may not reflect clinically rigorous ME/CFS case definitions.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Afifi, Tracie O, MacMillan, Harriet L, Boyle, Michael, Cheung, Kristene, Taillieu, Tamara, Turner, Sarah, et al. (2016). Child abuse and physical health in adulthood.. Health reports. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26983007/
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-afifi-2016-child-abuse,
author = {Afifi, Tracie O and MacMillan, Harriet L and Boyle, Michael and Cheung, Kristene and Taillieu, Tamara and Turner, Sarah and Sareen, Jitender},
title = {Child abuse and physical health in adulthood.},
journal = {Health reports},
year = {2016},
note = {PubMed: 26983007},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/afifi-2016-child-abuse},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-25. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/afifi-2016-child-abuse
Contribute
Private, reviewed by a human. Not a public comment thread.