Barnden, Leighton, Thapaliya, Kiran, Eaton-Fitch, Natalie et al. · Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023 · DOI
Researchers used advanced brain imaging to compare how the brains of Long Covid patients and healthy people respond during a challenging thinking task. They found that Long Covid patients showed different patterns of communication between brain regions, particularly in areas that control alertness, heart rate, and sleep. These brain connection differences were linked to how disabled patients felt and their autonomic nervous system symptoms.
This mechanistic study provides neurobiological evidence that Long Covid involves measurable brain connectivity abnormalities during cognitive stress, potentially explaining the post-exertional malaise and autonomic dysfunction that characterize the illness. Understanding these brainstem-mediated changes could guide future diagnostic biomarkers and interventions targeting the core neurophysiological dysfunction in Long Covid and potentially ME/CFS.
This small pilot study cannot establish causation—altered brain connectivity may be a consequence rather than cause of Long Covid symptoms. The findings are not generalizable beyond the specific cognitive task tested, and the cross-sectional design cannot determine whether these connectivity changes are stable, progressive, or reversible. The comparison to healthy controls does not prove these findings are specific to Long Covid versus other post-viral conditions.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Barnden, Leighton, Thapaliya, Kiran, Eaton-Fitch, Natalie, Barth, Markus, & Marshall-Gradisnik, Sonya (2023). Altered brain connectivity in Long Covid during cognitive exertion: a pilot study.. Frontiers in neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1182607
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-barnden-2023-altered-brain,
author = {Barnden, Leighton and Thapaliya, Kiran and Eaton-Fitch, Natalie and Barth, Markus and Marshall-Gradisnik, Sonya},
title = {Altered brain connectivity in Long Covid during cognitive exertion: a pilot study.},
journal = {Frontiers in neuroscience},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.3389/fnins.2023.1182607},
note = {PubMed: 37425014},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/barnden-2023-altered-brain},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-28. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/barnden-2023-altered-brain
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