Chia, John, Chia, Andrew, El-Habbal, Rabiha · Journal of clinical pathology · 2011 · DOI
This study looked at two patients—one with ME/CFS and one with chronic abdominal pain—who had rare tumors called carcinoid tumors in their intestines. Researchers found traces of enterovirus (a common virus that infects the gut) inside these tumors using special staining techniques. The authors suggest this might indicate a link between chronic enterovirus infection and the development of these tumors, though much more research is needed to understand if this connection is real.
This study is relevant to ME/CFS patients because it provides preliminary evidence that chronic enterovirus infection—previously detected in ME/CFS gastrointestinal tissue—may have wider health implications beyond the classically recognized symptoms. Understanding potential long-term complications of persistent enterovirus infection could inform monitoring and treatment strategies for ME/CFS patients.
This study does not prove that enteroviruses cause carcinoid tumors or that ME/CFS patients have increased carcinoid tumor risk. As a two-case report, it cannot establish prevalence, causation, or even whether viral presence in tumors is causally relevant versus incidental. The findings require confirmation in larger, controlled studies before any clinical conclusions can be drawn.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Chia, John, Chia, Andrew, & El-Habbal, Rabiha (2011). Carcinoid tumour associated with enterovirus infection.. Journal of clinical pathology. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2010.082271
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-chia-2011-carcinoid-tumour,
author = {Chia, John and Chia, Andrew and El-Habbal, Rabiha},
title = {Carcinoid tumour associated with enterovirus infection.},
journal = {Journal of clinical pathology},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1136/jcp.2010.082271},
note = {PubMed: 21278394},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/chia-2011-carcinoid-tumour},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-29. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/chia-2011-carcinoid-tumour
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