Nguyen, Ruby H N, Ecklund, Ali M, Maclehose, Richard F et al. · Psychology, health & medicine · 2012 · DOI
This study looked at women with vulvodynia (chronic pain in the vulva) who also had other chronic pain conditions like ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, or endometriosis. The researchers found that women with multiple pain conditions were more likely to feel that others didn't believe their pain was real and to feel socially isolated. Having ME/CFS alongside vulvodynia was particularly linked to these feelings.
This study is important for ME/CFS patients because it documents that ME/CFS commonly co-occurs with other chronic pain conditions and is specifically associated with heightened feelings of invalidation and social isolation. Understanding this pattern can help validate patients' experiences and inform healthcare providers and support systems about the psychosocial burden of multiple overlapping conditions.
This study does not prove that having co-morbid pain conditions causes feelings of invalidation and isolation—it only shows they are associated. The cross-sectional design means we cannot determine whether the pain conditions lead to isolation, whether isolation contributes to worse pain outcomes, or whether a third factor influences both. The findings apply specifically to vulvodynia patients and may not generalize to all ME/CFS patients.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Nguyen, Ruby H N, Ecklund, Ali M, Maclehose, Richard F, Veasley, Christin, & Harlow, Bernard L (2012). Co-morbid pain conditions and feelings of invalidation and isolation among women with vulvodynia.. Psychology, health & medicine. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2011.647703
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-nguyen-2012-morbid-pain,
author = {Nguyen, Ruby H N and Ecklund, Ali M and Maclehose, Richard F and Veasley, Christin and Harlow, Bernard L},
title = {Co-morbid pain conditions and feelings of invalidation and isolation among women with vulvodynia.},
journal = {Psychology, health & medicine},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1080/13548506.2011.647703},
note = {PubMed: 22329615},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/nguyen-2012-morbid-pain},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-29. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/nguyen-2012-morbid-pain
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