Sakuma, Toshie, Tonne, Jason M, Malcolm, Jessica A et al. · PloS one · 2012 · DOI
Researchers studied a virus called XMRV that can jump between animal species to understand how viruses adapt when they infect new hosts. They infected a type of mouse with XMRV and watched what happened over a year, including whether the virus could be passed to offspring. The mice stayed healthy and the virus didn't spread much to the next generation, suggesting that while the virus can infect new species, it doesn't easily take hold or spread.
This mechanistic study is relevant to ME/CFS research because it investigates how XMRV—a virus once suspected of association with ME/CFS—behaves when it infects new host species. Understanding viral persistence, immune responses, and adaptation in xenoinfection helps clarify whether retroviruses like XMRV could plausibly cause chronic disease in humans. The findings contribute to the broader scientific evidence base that has shifted consensus away from XMRV as a ME/CFS pathogen.
This study does not prove that XMRV causes ME/CFS in humans, nor does it establish whether the virus can cause disease in its natural or accidental human hosts. The observation of asymptomatic infection in mice does not rule out pathogenic potential in humans, as cross-species infections often behave differently in native hosts. Additionally, this is an animal model study and cannot directly demonstrate human infection patterns or disease mechanisms.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Sakuma, Toshie, Tonne, Jason M, Malcolm, Jessica A, Thatava, Tayaramma, Ohmine, Seiga, Peng, Kah-Whye, et al. (2012). Long-term infection and vertical transmission of a gammaretrovirus in a foreign host species.. PloS one. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029682
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-sakuma-2012-long-term,
author = {Sakuma, Toshie and Tonne, Jason M and Malcolm, Jessica A and Thatava, Tayaramma and Ohmine, Seiga and Peng, Kah-Whye and Ikeda, Yasuhiro},
title = {Long-term infection and vertical transmission of a gammaretrovirus in a foreign host species.},
journal = {PloS one},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0029682},
note = {PubMed: 22235324},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/sakuma-2012-long-term},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-25. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/sakuma-2012-long-term
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