Soetekouw, P M, Wevers, R A, Vreken, P et al. · The Netherlands journal of medicine · 2000 · DOI
This study tested whether a chemical called carnitine, which helps muscles produce energy, was missing in people with ME/CFS. Researchers measured carnitine levels in 25 women with ME/CFS and compared them to 25 healthy women. They found that carnitine levels were actually normal in the ME/CFS patients, which contradicted earlier studies that suggested carnitine deficiency might cause the condition.
This study challenges a previously proposed biochemical explanation for ME/CFS muscle pain and exercise intolerance, which is important for redirecting research efforts toward other potential metabolic mechanisms. Understanding which biomarker hypotheses do not hold up helps researchers focus on more promising avenues for identifying the underlying causes of the condition.
This study does not prove that carnitine is never involved in ME/CFS, as it only measured serum levels and cannot exclude tissue-level deficiency, cellular transport problems, or carnitine metabolism abnormalities. The findings are limited to female patients and a relatively small sample size, so results may not generalize to all ME/CFS populations. It also does not address whether carnitine supplementation might still benefit some patients despite normal baseline levels.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Soetekouw, P M, Wevers, R A, Vreken, P, Elving, L D, Janssen, A J, van der Veen, Y, et al. (2000). Normal carnitine levels in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.. The Netherlands journal of medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-2977(00)00030-9
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-soetekouw-2000-normal-carnitine,
author = {Soetekouw, P M and Wevers, R A and Vreken, P and Elving, L D and Janssen, A J and van der Veen, Y and Bleijenberg, G and van der Meer, J W},
title = {Normal carnitine levels in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.},
journal = {The Netherlands journal of medicine},
year = {2000},
doi = {10.1016/s0300-2977(00)00030-9},
note = {PubMed: 10862998},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/soetekouw-2000-normal-carnitine},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-28. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/soetekouw-2000-normal-carnitine
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