Wilson, Alina, Ricciardiello Mejia, Giorgio Camillo, Lomba, Sara et al. · Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025 · DOI
This study looked at sleep problems in 200 people with Long COVID seen at Stanford's clinic. Researchers found that more than half had breathing-related sleep issues, about 4 in 10 had insomnia, and about 3 in 10 had excessive daytime sleepiness. The study identified two different groups of patients: one with more severe sleep and systemic symptoms than the other.
Sleep disturbances are a core feature of Long COVID/ME, yet detailed characterization of specific sleep phenotypes remains limited. This study provides quantitative evidence for distinct sleep symptom profiles and identifies high-risk groups (prior hospitalization, multiracial participants), which could guide targeted clinical assessment and intervention development in post-viral chronic illness.
This cross-sectional study cannot establish causality—for example, hospitalization's association with insomnia may reflect disease severity rather than a direct causal link. The study does not prove that sleep disorders cause other Long COVID symptoms, only that they co-occur. Results may not generalize to all Long COVID populations, as the sample was from a single specialized clinic.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Wilson, Alina, Ricciardiello Mejia, Giorgio Camillo, Lomba, Sara, Geng, Linda N, Malunjkar, Sanjay, Bonilla, Hector, et al. (2025). A Multidimensional Assessment of Sleep Disorders in Long COVID Using the Alliance Sleep Questionnaire.. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13202611
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-wilson-2025-multidimensional-assessment,
author = {Wilson, Alina and Ricciardiello Mejia, Giorgio Camillo and Lomba, Sara and Geng, Linda N and Malunjkar, Sanjay and Bonilla, Hector and Sum-Ping, Oliver},
title = {A Multidimensional Assessment of Sleep Disorders in Long COVID Using the Alliance Sleep Questionnaire.},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.3390/healthcare13202611},
note = {PubMed: 41154289},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/wilson-2025-multidimensional-assessment},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-27. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/wilson-2025-multidimensional-assessment
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