Yamaguchi, K, Sawada, T, Naraki, T et al. · Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology · 1999 · DOI
Researchers developed a new blood test to detect antibodies against Borna disease virus (BDV), a virus found in animals. They tested thousands of blood samples from people with various conditions, including psychiatric disorders, and found that people with schizophrenia and mood disorders had higher rates of BDV antibodies compared to healthy blood donors. However, people with chronic fatigue syndrome did not show elevated BDV antibodies in this study.
This study is relevant to ME/CFS research because it specifically examined BDV seropositivity in chronic fatigue syndrome patients and found no elevation, contrasting with psychiatric conditions. The development of a more specific antibody detection method addresses longstanding questions about infectious triggers in post-viral fatigue syndromes. Understanding which conditions associate with persistent viral antibodies helps clarify whether BDV plays a role in ME/CFS pathogenesis.
This study does not prove that BDV causes psychiatric disorders or ME/CFS, only that antibodies are somewhat more common in certain patient groups—antibodies may reflect past exposure rather than current infection or disease causation. The cross-sectional design cannot establish temporal relationships or distinguish between active infection and prior exposure. The lack of BDV detection in chronic fatigue syndrome patients does not exclude the possibility that BDV affects a subset of patients or that other related viruses may be involved.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Yamaguchi, K, Sawada, T, Naraki, T, Igata-Yi, R, Shiraki, H, Horii, Y, et al. (1999). Detection of borna disease virus-reactive antibodies from patients with psychiatric disorders and from horses by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.. Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology. https://doi.org/10.1128/CDLI.6.5.696-700.1999
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-yamaguchi-1999-detection-borna,
author = {Yamaguchi, K and Sawada, T and Naraki, T and Igata-Yi, R and Shiraki, H and Horii, Y and Ishii, T and Ikeda, K and Asou, N and Okabe, H and Mochizuki, M and Takahashi, K and Yamada, S and Kubo, K and Yashiki, S and Waltrip, R W and Carbone, K M},
title = {Detection of borna disease virus-reactive antibodies from patients with psychiatric disorders and from horses by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.},
journal = {Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology},
year = {1999},
doi = {10.1128/CDLI.6.5.696-700.1999},
note = {PubMed: 10473520},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/yamaguchi-1999-detection-borna},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-29. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/yamaguchi-1999-detection-borna
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