Zinn, Mark A, Jason, Leonard A · International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2021 · DOI
This study looked at how the brain controls the autonomic nervous system (the part that manages heart rate, breathing, and other automatic functions) in people with ME/CFS. Researchers used special brain recordings to measure electrical activity in 34 ME/CFS patients and 34 healthy people at rest, then looked for differences in how different brain regions communicate with each other. They found that people with ME/CFS had different patterns of brain communication, and these differences were connected to specific symptoms like fatigue, thinking problems, and pain.
These findings suggest that ME/CFS involves measurable changes in how the brain regulates automatic body functions, potentially explaining multiple symptoms simultaneously. If validated, the cortical autonomic network could become a biological marker for diagnosis and a target for new treatments designed to improve how the brain controls these essential functions.
This study shows associations between brain connectivity patterns and symptoms, but does not prove that altered connectivity causes ME/CFS symptoms or vice versa. The small sample size and cross-sectional design limit generalizability, and findings must be confirmed in larger, longitudinal studies before clinical applications are possible. The study also does not address whether these brain changes are primary to ME/CFS or secondary to prolonged illness.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Zinn, Mark A & Jason, Leonard A (2021). Cortical autonomic network connectivity predicts symptoms in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).. International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.10.004
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-zinn-2021-cortical-autonomic,
author = {Zinn, Mark A and Jason, Leonard A},
title = {Cortical autonomic network connectivity predicts symptoms in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).},
journal = {International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.10.004},
note = {PubMed: 34662673},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/zinn-2021-cortical-autonomic},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-28. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/zinn-2021-cortical-autonomic
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