ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

2795 studies

281–300 of 2,795 studies

E2 ModerateBehavioralPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Insomnia and sleep characteristics in post COVID-19 fatigue: A cross-sectional case-controlled study.

Rauwerda, Nynke L, Kuut, Tanja A, Braamse, Annemarie M J et al.·Journal of psychosomatic research·2024

This study looked at sleep problems in people with long COVID fatigue and compared them to people with ME/CFS. Researchers found that 64% of long COVID patients had clinically significant insomnia, and their sleep problems were closely linked to depression and age. While long COVID patients slept slightly less than ME/CFS patients on average, both groups struggled significantly with sleep quality and nighttime insomnia.

Sleep

E2 ModerateCohortPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Development and Validation of the Short Form (JAEN-10) of the Joint Assessment of Equilibrium and Neuromotor Status Scale (JAEN-20).

Peinado-Rubia, Ana Belén, Osuna-Pérez, María Catalina, Núñez-Fuentes, David et al.·Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology·2024

Researchers created a shorter version of a balance and movement test (JAEN-10) to measure physical problems in people with fibromyalgia. The new 10-question test works just as well as the original 20-question version but takes less time to complete, which is helpful for people who get tired easily. The test successfully identified people with fibromyalgia and those at risk of falling.

Autonomic Nervous System

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Stroop task and practice effects demonstrate cognitive dysfunction in long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome.

Baraniuk, James N, Thapaliya, Kiran, Inderyas, Maira et al.·Scientific reports·2024

This study tested how quickly people with Long COVID and ME/CFS could complete a simple task involving reading color words displayed in different colored inks. Both patient groups were noticeably slower at this task than healthy people, and unlike healthy people, they didn't get faster with practice. This suggests that ME/CFS and Long COVID may involve a problem with how different parts of the brain communicate during problem-solving.

Cognitive Impairment

E2 ModerateCohortPEM not requiredObservational

Risk of chronic fatigue syndrome after COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study of 3227281 patients.

Chen, Chih-Wei, Lee, Hsun-Hua, Chang, Shu-Hao et al.·Journal of infection and public health·2024

This study looked at over 6 million patient records to compare people who had COVID-19 with people who didn't. Researchers found that people who had COVID-19 were about 1.6 times more likely to develop chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) afterward. The increased risk appeared in people of all ages, both sexes, and different racial backgrounds.

Long COVID Overlap

E2 ModeratePEM unclearRegistry-Resource

Longterm course of neuropsychological symptoms and ME/CFS after SARS-CoV-2-infection: a prospective registry study.

Reuken, P A, Besteher, B, Finke, K et al.·European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience·2024

This study followed over 1,000 people who had long-lasting symptoms after COVID-19 infection. Researchers found that about 31% of patients met the diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS at their first visit, but this dropped to 19% at a second visit months later. While patients reported feeling less fatigued and having fewer concentration problems over time, many continued to experience long-lasting symptoms that significantly affected their daily lives.

Cognitive ImpairmentLong COVID Overlap

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Association of physical symptoms with accelerometer-measured movement behaviors and functional capacity in individuals with Long COVID.

Rosa-Souza, Francisco José, Freire, Yuri Alberto, Galliano, Leony Morgana et al.·Scientific reports·2024

This study looked at 102 people with Long COVID to understand how specific symptoms affect their ability to move and be physically active. Researchers used activity trackers to measure daily movement and tested how far people could walk and how quickly they could stand up from a chair. They found that fatigue and post-exertional malaise (feeling worse after activity) were linked to lower daily step counts, while shortness of breath was linked to poorer performance on physical tests.

Post-Exertional Malaise

E2 ModerateCohortPEM requiredCross-Sectional

A pilot cross-sectional investigation of symptom clusters and associations with patient-reported outcomes in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Post COVID-19 Condition.

Weigel, Breanna, Eaton-Fitch, Natalie, Thapaliya, Kiran et al.·Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation·2024

This study compared people with ME/CFS and people with Long COVID to understand how their symptoms affect quality of life and daily functioning. Researchers found that both groups experience similar symptom patterns, particularly autonomic symptoms like breathing problems, which have the biggest impact on wellbeing. The findings suggest that Long COVID and ME/CFS may be closely related conditions, and that some people recovering from COVID-19 may develop ME/CFS-like illness over time.

Post-Exertional Malaise

E2 ModerateCohortPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Impact on Quality of Life (QoL) of Persons with ME/CFS.

Muirhead, Nina L, Vyas, Jui, Ephgrave, Rachel et al.·Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2024

This study surveyed 876 people with ME/CFS from 26 countries to understand how the condition affects their daily lives. People with ME/CFS reported very poor quality of life, with an average health rating of 36 out of 100. The most common problems were difficulty doing everyday activities (97%), pain (92%), and trouble with movement (83%).

Pain and Sensitization

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearLongitudinal

Muscle abnormalities worsen after post-exertional malaise in long COVID.

Appelman, Brent, Charlton, Braeden T, Goulding, Richie P et al.·Nature communications·2024

This study looked at muscle tissue changes in long COVID patients, particularly focusing on post-exertional malaise (PEM)—the worsening of fatigue and pain after activity. Researchers found that muscles in long COVID patients showed structural damage, metabolic problems, and unusual deposits that got worse after activity triggered PEM. These findings help explain why exertion makes symptoms worse in some long COVID patients.

Energy MetabolismPost-Exertional Malaise

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Metabolomic and immune alterations in long COVID patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Saito, Suguru, Shahbaz, Shima, Luo, Xian et al.·Frontiers in immunology·2024

This study looked at blood samples from people with long COVID who have ME/CFS-like symptoms and compared them to people who recovered from COVID, people with acute COVID, and people who never had COVID. Researchers found that long COVID patients had unusual chemical patterns in their blood, higher levels of inflammation-promoting substances, and lower energy molecules (ATP). They also discovered that two specific chemicals (sarcosine and serine) were reduced in long COVID patients and connected to depression, anxiety, and brain fog.

Energy MetabolismImmune System

E2 ModerateBehavioralPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Comorbidity and sex differences in functional disorders and internalizing disorders.

Thomas, Nathaniel S, Gillespie, Nathan A, Kendler, Kenneth S et al.·General hospital psychiatry·2024

This study looked at how often ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome occur together with depression and anxiety in over 107,000 people. The researchers found that people with one of these conditions are much more likely to also have depression or anxiety than would be expected by chance. Interestingly, these connections were even stronger in men than in women.

E2 ModerateCohortPEM requiredCross-Sectional

Dry eye symptoms and signs in United States Gulf War era veterans with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Sanchez, Victor, Kim, Colin K, Locatelli, Elyana V T et al.·Clinical & experimental ophthalmology·2024

Researchers studied eye dryness and discomfort in Gulf War veterans with ME/CFS and compared them to veterans without the condition. They found that people with ME/CFS reported significantly more eye pain and dryness symptoms, even though physical examination of their eyes showed similar amounts of tear production and surface damage as the control group. This suggests that the eye pain experienced by ME/CFS patients may come from causes beyond just dry eyes.

Pain and Sensitization

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Classification Accuracy and Description of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in an Integrated Health Care System, 2006-2017.

Liles, Elizabeth G, Irving, Stephanie A, Koppolu, Padma et al.·The Permanente journal·2024

This study looked at how often ME/CFS is diagnosed in a large health care system by checking electronic medical records from 2006 to 2017. Researchers found that while doctors used ME/CFS diagnosis codes for over 500 patients, only about 34% of the cases they reviewed actually matched the real diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS. This shows that relying only on diagnosis codes in medical records can give an inaccurate picture of how many people truly have ME/CFS.

Diagnostics

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Longitudinal Progression of Patients with Long COVID Treated in a Post-COVID Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Hurt, Ryan T, Yadav, Siddhant, Schroeder, Darrell R et al.·Journal of primary care & community health·2024

This study surveyed over 500 Long COVID patients who received care at a specialized clinic about 2 years after their initial infection. While most patients reported that their symptoms improved compared to their first visit, only 4.5% felt they had fully recovered. Some treatments like low-dose naltrexone, vagal nerve stimulation, and fisetin were rated as helpful by a majority of patients who tried them.

Interventions

E2 ModerateBehavioralPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

[The Significance of Chronic Fatigue in the Post-Covid Consultation and its Consequences for Outpatient Rehabilitation in the Context of Statutory Accident Insurance].

Dalichau, Stefan, Kordy, Henrike, Klüver, Janna et al.·Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie·2024

This study looked at 454 people (mostly women aged 40–60) who developed long-term fatigue after COVID-19. Nearly all of them reported severe tiredness, and over 73% also experienced brain fog. The fatigue lasted about 14–15 months on average and significantly affected their ability to work and enjoy daily life. The researchers recommend that treatment should focus on managing chronic fatigue similar to ME/CFS, using education and practical coping strategies rather than trying to 'cure' the condition.

Cognitive Impairment

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Similar Patterns of Dysautonomia in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue and Post-COVID-19 Syndromes.

Ryabkova, Varvara A, Rubinskiy, Artemiy V, Marchenko, Valeriy N et al.·Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology·2024

This study found that people with ME/CFS and those with long COVID have similar problems with how their autonomic nervous system (the system that controls heart rate, blood pressure, and other automatic body functions) works. Researchers measured heart rate variability and blood pressure patterns in 34 ME/CFS patients, 29 long COVID patients, and 32 healthy controls. Both patient groups showed reduced autonomic function compared to healthy people, and these problems were linked to their fatigue—but not to depression or anxiety.

Autonomic Nervous System

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

The Cardiac Output-Cerebral Blood Flow Relationship Is Abnormal in Most Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients with a Normal Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Response During a Tilt Test.

van Campen, C Linda M C, Verheugt, Freek W A, Rowe, Peter C et al.·Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

This study looked at how blood flow to the brain changes when ME/CFS patients stand up or tilt on a table. Researchers found that in 91% of patients, the heart wasn't pumping enough blood and the brain wasn't getting enough blood flow—and these two problems were directly connected. This suggests that blood vessels in the brain may not be working properly to compensate when blood flow drops, which could explain why many ME/CFS patients feel dizzy or faint when standing.

Autonomic Nervous System

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Sex and disease severity-based analysis of steroid hormones in ME/CFS.

Pipper, Cornelia, Bliem, Linda, León, Luis E et al.·Journal of endocrinological investigation·2024

Researchers measured hormone levels in the blood of ME/CFS patients and compared them to healthy people. They found that certain hormones—including cortisol-related compounds and progesterone—were different in people with ME/CFS, and the differences varied depending on whether patients had mild/moderate or severe disease and their sex. These hormone patterns might help doctors better identify and categorize ME/CFS in the future.

Biomarkers

E2 ModeratePEM unclearRegistry-Resource

Clinical and Diagnostic Features of Post-Acute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome (PACVS).

Mundorf, Anna Katharina, Semmler, Amelie, Heidecke, Harald et al.·Vaccines·2024

This study looked at 191 people who developed long-term illness after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine, a rare condition affecting about 2 in 10,000 vaccinated people. The most common symptoms were extreme tiredness and overall malaise (affecting over 80%), along with problems like nerve pain, heart issues, and cognitive difficulties. The researchers found that many of these patients meet the criteria for ME/CFS, though some appear to have a different condition entirely.

Immune System

E2 ModerateCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Association of circulating biomarkers with illness severity measures differentiates myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and post-COVID-19 condition: a prospective pilot cohort study.

Domingo, Joan Carles, Battistini, Federica, Cordobilla, Begoña et al.·Journal of translational medicine·2024

This study compared blood markers and body responses between people with ME/CFS, people with long COVID, and healthy controls. Researchers found that people with ME/CFS had distinct patterns of inflammation and blood vessel dysfunction compared to long COVID patients, suggesting these are different conditions with different underlying problems. By measuring specific proteins in the blood and testing how the body responds to positional changes, researchers could tell the two patient groups apart.

BiomarkersImmune System

← Previous Next 20 studies →

Or browse by topic

PEM Immune Neuro Metabolic Biomarkers Severe ME Long COVID Cognitive

Evidence Atlas

Evidence browser

Insomnia and sleep characteristics in post COVID-19 fatigue: A cross-sectional case-controlled study.

Development and Validation of the Short Form (JAEN-10) of the Joint Assessment of Equilibrium and Neuromotor Status Scale (JAEN-20).

Stroop task and practice effects demonstrate cognitive dysfunction in long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome.

Risk of chronic fatigue syndrome after COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study of 3227281 patients.

Longterm course of neuropsychological symptoms and ME/CFS after SARS-CoV-2-infection: a prospective registry study.

Association of physical symptoms with accelerometer-measured movement behaviors and functional capacity in individuals with Long COVID.

A pilot cross-sectional investigation of symptom clusters and associations with patient-reported outcomes in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Post COVID-19 Condition.

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Impact on Quality of Life (QoL) of Persons with ME/CFS.

Muscle abnormalities worsen after post-exertional malaise in long COVID.

Metabolomic and immune alterations in long COVID patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Comorbidity and sex differences in functional disorders and internalizing disorders.

Dry eye symptoms and signs in United States Gulf War era veterans with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Classification Accuracy and Description of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in an Integrated Health Care System, 2006-2017.

Longitudinal Progression of Patients with Long COVID Treated in a Post-COVID Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

[The Significance of Chronic Fatigue in the Post-Covid Consultation and its Consequences for Outpatient Rehabilitation in the Context of Statutory Accident Insurance].

Similar Patterns of Dysautonomia in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue and Post-COVID-19 Syndromes.

The Cardiac Output-Cerebral Blood Flow Relationship Is Abnormal in Most Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients with a Normal Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Response During a Tilt Test.

Sex and disease severity-based analysis of steroid hormones in ME/CFS.

Clinical and Diagnostic Features of Post-Acute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome (PACVS).

Association of circulating biomarkers with illness severity measures differentiates myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and post-COVID-19 condition: a prospective pilot cohort study.

Curated Collections

Neuroinflammation Evidence

Metabolism & Mitochondria

Biomarkers

PEM-Specific Research