ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

2420 studies

2221–2240 of 2,420 studies

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Analysis of neuropsychological functioning in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Grafman, J, Schwartz, V, Dale, J K et al.·Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry·1993

This study tested memory and thinking skills in 20 people with ME/CFS who reported memory problems. The researchers found that patients did have mild difficulty with memory tasks that required deep thinking and organization of information, but performed normally on other types of memory tests. Importantly, the severity of fatigue and other physical findings did not predict how well people performed on memory tests.

Cognitive Impairment

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredObservational

Society, mind and body in chronic fatigue syndrome: an anthropological view.

Ware, N C·Ciba Foundation symposium·1993

This study interviewed 50 people with chronic fatigue to understand how their daily lives, families, and work environments shaped their experience of illness. The researchers found that people often traced their illness to stressful life events and busy lifestyles, and that having ME/CFS sometimes led them to make positive changes by slowing down. The study also explains why ME/CFS patients often feel dismissed—society tends to separate 'mind' from 'body,' making psychological factors seem less real than physical ones.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Chronic fatigue in historical perspective.

Shorter, E·Ciba Foundation symposium·1993

This historical review examines how chronic fatigue as an illness has been understood and named over the past 150 years. The author traces how doctors have called similar conditions by different names—from 'neurasthenia' in the 1800s to 'myalgic encephalomyelitis,' 'chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection,' and 'fibromyalgia'—and explains how these separate medical concepts have recently begun to converge into what we now call chronic fatigue syndrome. The study shows that chronic fatigue became increasingly common in Europe and North America by the early 1900s, though it was rarely documented before the mid-1800s.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Low NK syndrome and its relationship to chronic fatigue syndrome.

Aoki, T, Miyakoshi, H, Usuda, Y et al.·Clinical immunology and immunopathology·1993

This study examined whether people with chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) have lower numbers or reduced function of natural killer (NK) cells, which are part of the immune system that helps fight infections and abnormal cells. The researchers found that some ME/CFS patients showed low NK cell levels or activity, suggesting the immune system may not be working normally in this condition. This finding could help explain why people with ME/CFS experience persistent exhaustion and infections.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Is chronic fatigue syndrome an infectious disease?

Mawle, A C, Reyes, M, Schmid, D S·Infectious agents and disease·1993

This 1993 paper examines whether chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) might be caused by an infection. The authors reviewed evidence about infectious agents and their possible role in ME/CFS development. While the study explores this connection, it does not provide definitive answers about whether an infection causes the illness.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM unclearCase-Control

[The chronic fatigue syndrome associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection].

Bojić, I, Mijusković, P, Lilić, D et al.·Vojnosanitetski pregled·1993

This 1993 study examined whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)—a common virus that causes mononucleosis—might be connected to chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Researchers compared a group of people with ME/CFS to a control group to see if EBV infection patterns differed between them. The study aimed to explore whether EBV could play a role in developing or maintaining ME/CFS symptoms.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Pharmacological approaches to the therapy of chronic fatigue syndrome.

McCluskey, D R·Ciba Foundation symposium·1993

This study examined various medications used to treat ME/CFS and found that none completely resolved symptoms. The researchers suggest that ME/CFS may be caused by a sleep regulation problem in the brain, which leads to not only extreme tiredness but also pain sensitivity, temperature control issues, and mood problems. They propose that medications affecting brain chemicals, especially serotonin, might help and should be tested in larger clinical trials.

Sleep

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Treatment of the chronic fatigue syndrome. A review and practical guide.

Blondel-Hill, E, Shafran, S D·Drugs·1993

This 1993 guide explains that ME/CFS is a real illness defined by severe, disabling fatigue along with other physical and mental symptoms, though its exact cause remains unknown. The main treatment is getting a proper diagnosis, learning about the condition, and working with a caring doctor who understands it. Some patients may benefit from antidepressant medications even without depression, though no single treatment has been proven to work reliably for everyone.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM unclearEditorial

The grey area of effort syndrome and hyperventilation: from Thomas Lewis to today.

Nixon, P G·Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London·1993

This article reviews the historical concept of 'effort syndrome'—a condition where the body loses its ability to handle physical exertion due to chemical imbalances, particularly in how the body buffers acids produced during exercise. The author argues that this old diagnosis remains relevant today and should be considered when evaluating chronic fatigue and other unexplained illnesses, especially when emotional stress and overbreathing (hyperventilation) are present.

Energy MetabolismPost-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Fibromyalgia, sleep disorder and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Moldofsky, H·Ciba Foundation symposium·1993

This study examined how sleep problems, tiredness, and muscle pain are connected in ME/CFS and fibromyalgia. Both conditions share similar unusual brain wave patterns during sleep that make sleep feel unrefreshing even though people sleep. The research suggests that problems with the immune system and sleep-wake cycle are linked, and interfering with either one can trigger the other and cause ME/CFS symptoms.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

Somatization, illness attribution and the sociocultural psychiatry of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Abbey, S E·Ciba Foundation symposium·1993

This paper explores how psychological factors, personal beliefs about illness, and social influences may play a role in ME/CFS. The author examines how things like perfectionism, how people cope with stress, and the way doctors and media talk about ME/CFS can affect whether someone develops the condition or how severe their symptoms become.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredCase-Control

Exercise performance and fatiguability in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Gibson, H, Carroll, N, Clague, J E et al.·Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry·1993

This study compared how muscles work in people with ME/CFS and healthy controls during and after exercise. Researchers found that the muscles themselves functioned normally, but people with ME/CFS reported feeling much more tired and exhausted during exercise relative to their heart rate compared to controls. This suggests that the fatigue comes from how the brain perceives effort rather than from actual muscle damage or weakness.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: New hope from psychoneuroimmunology and community psychology.

Jason, L A·The journal of primary prevention·1993

This 1993 paper explores how the mind, nervous system, and immune system are connected in ME/CFS, and how community support might help with recovery. The authors use a real patient's story to show how understanding these connections and building supportive relationships could be helpful for people struggling with this illness.

E3 PreliminaryBehavioralPEM unclearConference-Abstract

Muscle histopathology and physiology in chronic fatigue syndrome.

Edwards, R H, Gibson, H, Clague, J E et al.·Ciba Foundation symposium·1993

Researchers examined muscle tissue from 108 ME/CFS patients and 22 healthy people using microscopes to look for structural damage, and tested muscle strength before and after exercise. They found no consistent muscle damage that explained fatigue symptoms, and muscle strength worked normally even after exercise. The study suggests ME/CFS is not caused by a primary muscle disease.

Post-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Infection of natural killer cells by human herpesvirus 6.

Lusso, P, Malnati, M S, Garzino-Demo, A et al.·Nature·1993

This study found that a virus called HHV-6 can directly infect and damage natural killer cells, which are important immune cells that normally fight viruses. When HHV-6 infects these cells, it kills them and also causes them to express a protein that makes them vulnerable to HIV infection. This suggests that HHV-6 might be a way the body's natural antiviral defenses get weakened.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Experience at a referral center for patients with suspected Lyme disease in an area of nonendemicity: first 65 patients.

Burdge, D R, O'Hanlon, D P·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1993

Doctors at a hospital created a special clinic to evaluate patients who thought they had Lyme disease, even though Lyme disease is not common in that region. Out of 65 patients referred to the clinic, only 2 actually had Lyme disease. However, the clinic successfully identified other real medical conditions in most patients, including rheumatologic diseases, infections, and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

The role of viral infection in polymyositis, dermatomyositis and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Behan, W M, Behan, P O·Bailliere's clinical neurology·1993

This review examines whether viral infections might be responsible for causing three conditions: polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and ME/CFS. The authors looked at evidence connecting viruses to these diseases, which cause muscle weakness and persistent fatigue. Understanding these potential links could help explain why some people develop ME/CFS after infections.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM not requiredMethods-Paper

Service delivery for people with chronic fatigue syndrome: a pilot action research study.

Denz-Penhey, H, Murdoch, J C·Family practice·1993

This study looked at how general practices (family doctors' offices) could better serve patients with ME/CFS. Researchers worked with doctors and patients over time to find ways of talking about the condition and organizing services that felt acceptable and helpful to both. The goal was to develop self-management approaches that encouraged the body's natural healing abilities while fitting within what doctors' offices could realistically offer.

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM unclear

[A case from practice (279). 1. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). 2. Psychosocial problems].

Kiener, S·Schweizerische Rundschau fur Medizin Praxis = Revue suisse de medecine Praxis·1993

This is a case report from a Swiss medical practice describing a patient with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and the psychological and social problems that came along with the condition. The doctor documented how CFS affected this patient's daily life, relationships, and mental health. This type of case study helps doctors recognize CFS in their own patients and understand the broader impact it has beyond just physical symptoms.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Chronic fatigue syndrome: signs and symptoms.

Stern, K·CDS review·1993

This review article examines the signs and symptoms that people with chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) commonly experience. The study helps identify what doctors should look for when evaluating patients who may have this condition. Understanding these key features is important for recognizing ME/CFS and distinguishing it from other illnesses.

← Previous Next 20 studies →

Or browse by topic

PEM Immune Neuro Metabolic Biomarkers Severe ME Long COVID Cognitive

Evidence Atlas

Evidence browser

Analysis of neuropsychological functioning in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Society, mind and body in chronic fatigue syndrome: an anthropological view.

Chronic fatigue in historical perspective.

Low NK syndrome and its relationship to chronic fatigue syndrome.

Is chronic fatigue syndrome an infectious disease?

[The chronic fatigue syndrome associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection].

Pharmacological approaches to the therapy of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Treatment of the chronic fatigue syndrome. A review and practical guide.

The grey area of effort syndrome and hyperventilation: from Thomas Lewis to today.

Fibromyalgia, sleep disorder and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Somatization, illness attribution and the sociocultural psychiatry of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Exercise performance and fatiguability in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: New hope from psychoneuroimmunology and community psychology.

Muscle histopathology and physiology in chronic fatigue syndrome.

Infection of natural killer cells by human herpesvirus 6.

Experience at a referral center for patients with suspected Lyme disease in an area of nonendemicity: first 65 patients.

The role of viral infection in polymyositis, dermatomyositis and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Service delivery for people with chronic fatigue syndrome: a pilot action research study.

[A case from practice (279). 1. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). 2. Psychosocial problems].

Chronic fatigue syndrome: signs and symptoms.

Curated Collections

Neuroinflammation Evidence

Metabolism & Mitochondria

Biomarkers

PEM-Specific Research