Anyanwu, Ebere, Campbell, Andrew W, Jones, Joseph et al. · TheScientificWorldJournal · 2003 · DOI
This review examines how toxic molds found in homes and buildings can damage the immune system, specifically affecting natural killer cells—white blood cells that help fight infections. When people are exposed to these molds over time, their natural killer cells may stop working normally, which could contribute to symptoms like fatigue, memory problems, sleep trouble, depression, headaches, and fevers that resemble ME/CFS.
For ME/CFS patients and researchers, this work suggests a potential biological mechanism—immune dysregulation via mycotoxin exposure—that could explain overlapping symptoms of fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep disturbance. If mold exposure-induced NKC abnormalities are verified experimentally, it could guide environmental screening and immune-targeted interventions for a subset of ME/CFS patients.
This literature review does not establish that mold exposure causes ME/CFS or that abnormal NKC activity is a primary driver of ME/CFS symptoms in typical patients. The study does not present original patient data, comparative controls, or direct measurement of NKC dysfunction in exposed versus unexposed individuals, so it cannot prove causation or quantify risk. The overlap between mold-exposure symptoms and ME/CFS symptoms does not prove they share the same etiology.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Anyanwu, Ebere, Campbell, Andrew W, Jones, Joseph, Ehiri, John E, & Akpan, Akpan I (2003). The neurological significance of abnormal natural killer cell activity in chronic toxigenic mold exposures.. TheScientificWorldJournal. https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.98
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-anyanwu-2003-neurological-significance,
author = {Anyanwu, Ebere and Campbell, Andrew W and Jones, Joseph and Ehiri, John E and Akpan, Akpan I},
title = {The neurological significance of abnormal natural killer cell activity in chronic toxigenic mold exposures.},
journal = {TheScientificWorldJournal},
year = {2003},
doi = {10.1100/tsw.2003.98},
note = {PubMed: 14625399},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/anyanwu-2003-neurological-significance},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-28. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/anyanwu-2003-neurological-significance
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