Bentall, R P, Wood, G C, Marrinan, T et al. · The British journal of clinical psychology · 1993 · DOI
Researchers created a short questionnaire to measure mental tiredness and tested it in people with ME/CFS, depression, recovered ME/CFS, muscle disease, and healthy people. The questionnaire worked well at identifying mental fatigue, but it could not tell the difference between people with ME/CFS and people with depression—both groups reported similar types and amounts of mental tiredness.
This study highlights an important challenge in ME/CFS diagnosis: mental fatigue symptoms overlap significantly with depression, potentially complicating clinical differentiation and contributing to misdiagnosis. Understanding the nature and measurement of mental fatigue in ME/CFS is crucial for developing better diagnostic tools and validating symptom-specific assessment methods.
This study does not prove that ME/CFS and depression are the same condition or that mental fatigue cannot distinguish them—it only shows this particular questionnaire cannot. The cross-sectional design cannot establish causation or whether mental fatigue in CFS arises from the same biological mechanisms as in depression. The study also does not address post-exertional malaise or other distinguishing features of ME/CFS.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Bentall, R P, Wood, G C, Marrinan, T, Deans, C, & Edwards, R H (1993). A brief mental fatigue questionnaire.. The British journal of clinical psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1993.tb01070.x
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-bentall-1993-brief-mental,
author = {Bentall, R P and Wood, G C and Marrinan, T and Deans, C and Edwards, R H},
title = {A brief mental fatigue questionnaire.},
journal = {The British journal of clinical psychology},
year = {1993},
doi = {10.1111/j.2044-8260.1993.tb01070.x},
note = {PubMed: 7902751},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/bentall-1993-brief-mental},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-29. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/bentall-1993-brief-mental
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