Garnier, Lorna, Parant, François, Bulteau, Claire et al. · European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology · 2024 · DOI
Researchers measured inflammation markers (cytokines) in blood and fluid from the abdomen in women with Essure implants, women with endometriosis, and healthy controls. They found that women with Essure implants had higher levels of two specific inflammation markers (MCP-1 and TNF-α) in their blood compared to controls. These same markers are known to be elevated in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome, suggesting they might be relevant to understanding Essure-related symptoms.
This study identifies circulating inflammatory markers (MCP-1 and TNF-α) in Essure-implant patients that overlap with biomarkers documented in ME/CFS and fibromyalgia. For ME/CFS researchers, this cross-condition comparison provides preliminary evidence that systemic cytokine dysregulation may underlie symptom overlap across these conditions, potentially opening new avenues for mechanistic investigation and biomarker development.
This study does not establish that MCP-1 and TNF-α elevation causes Essure-related symptoms, nor does it prove these markers distinguish Essure complications from other causes of chronic inflammation. The cross-sectional design cannot determine whether cytokine elevation precedes symptom onset or is a consequence of symptom burden. No association with symptom severity or clinical improvement was measured, limiting the clinical utility of these markers.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Garnier, Lorna, Parant, François, Bulteau, Claire, Pescarmona, Remi, Cerruto, Emanuele, Moret, Stephanie, et al. (2024). Plasma and peritoneal fluid cytokine profiles in patient with Essure® implant: Towards a molecular signature?. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.03.031
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-garnier-2024-plasma-peritoneal,
author = {Garnier, Lorna and Parant, François and Bulteau, Claire and Pescarmona, Remi and Cerruto, Emanuele and Moret, Stephanie and Miguet-Bensouda, Chloe and Nohuz, Erdogan and Chene, Gautier},
title = {Plasma and peritoneal fluid cytokine profiles in patient with Essure® implant: Towards a molecular signature?},
journal = {European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.03.031},
note = {PubMed: 38537321},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/garnier-2024-plasma-peritoneal},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-30. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/garnier-2024-plasma-peritoneal
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