Garralda, E, Rangel, L, Levin, M et al. · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 1999 · DOI
This study looked at mental health in teenagers who had ME/CFS, comparing them to healthy peers. Researchers found that teenagers with a history of ME/CFS were more likely to experience anxiety and depression, had more emotional symptoms, and felt worse about themselves—especially regarding how they fit in socially. Interestingly, those who had recovered from ME/CFS actually showed more anxiety disorders than those still experiencing active illness.
Understanding psychiatric comorbidities in ME/CFS adolescents is clinically important for comprehensive care and recognizing that psychological symptoms may coexist with or follow from the physical illness. This study suggests that mental health assessment and support should be integral to ME/CFS management in young people, regardless of current illness status.
This study does not prove that ME/CFS causes psychiatric disorders or vice versa—it only shows they co-occur. The cross-sectional design cannot establish causation or temporal relationships. Additionally, the tertiary clinic sample may not represent all ME/CFS adolescents, and the small sample size limits generalizability.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Garralda, E, Rangel, L, Levin, M, Roberts, H, & Ukoumunne, O (1999). Psychiatric adjustment in adolescents with a history of chronic fatigue syndrome.. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199912000-00012
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-garralda-1999-psychiatric-adjustment,
author = {Garralda, E and Rangel, L and Levin, M and Roberts, H and Ukoumunne, O},
title = {Psychiatric adjustment in adolescents with a history of chronic fatigue syndrome.},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry},
year = {1999},
doi = {10.1097/00004583-199912000-00012},
note = {PubMed: 10596251},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/garralda-1999-psychiatric-adjustment},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-28. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/garralda-1999-psychiatric-adjustment
Contribute
Private, reviewed by a human. Not a public comment thread.