Hohn, Oliver, Strohschein, Kristin, Brandt, Alexander U et al. · PloS one · 2010 · DOI
Researchers tested blood samples from German ME/CFS patients, multiple sclerosis patients with fatigue, and healthy people to see if a virus called XMRV was present. They looked for both antibodies (immune system markers) and viral genetic material. They found no evidence of XMRV in any of the groups, suggesting this virus is not associated with ME/CFS or MS-related fatigue in Germany.
During the period when XMRV was controversially proposed as a potential ME/CFS cause, independent replication studies were critical for validating or refuting this hypothesis. This well-designed negative study from a different population (German cohort) strengthened the emerging scientific consensus that XMRV was not a causative agent of ME/CFS, redirecting research toward other potential etiologies.
This study does not prove that no retrovirus is involved in ME/CFS—only that XMRV specifically was not detected in this German population. The negative findings do not exclude regional variation in viral prevalence, nor do they rule out other pathogens or mechanisms of ME/CFS pathogenesis. Cross-sectional serology cannot establish causation even if associations had been found.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Hohn, Oliver, Strohschein, Kristin, Brandt, Alexander U, Seeher, Sandra, Klein, Sandra, Kurth, Reinhard, et al. (2010). No evidence for XMRV in German CFS and MS patients with fatigue despite the ability of the virus to infect human blood cells in vitro.. PloS one. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015632
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-hohn-2010-evidence-xmrv,
author = {Hohn, Oliver and Strohschein, Kristin and Brandt, Alexander U and Seeher, Sandra and Klein, Sandra and Kurth, Reinhard and Paul, Friedemann and Meisel, Christian and Scheibenbogen, Carmen and Bannert, Norbert},
title = {No evidence for XMRV in German CFS and MS patients with fatigue despite the ability of the virus to infect human blood cells in vitro.},
journal = {PloS one},
year = {2010},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0015632},
note = {PubMed: 21203514},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/hohn-2010-evidence-xmrv},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-30. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/hohn-2010-evidence-xmrv
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