Mitchell, William M · Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2016 · DOI
This review examines rintatolimod, a potential ME/CFS treatment that works by activating the immune system's antiviral defenses. The drug has shown promising results in clinical trials, with patients experiencing meaningful improvements in their symptoms and few serious side effects. This is important because ME/CFS currently has no approved medications, and rintatolimod represents one of the most advanced treatment options in development.
ME/CFS patients have no FDA-approved medications, making this review of rintatolimod's clinical development particularly significant. Understanding the current evidence for this most-advanced investigational treatment helps patients and clinicians make informed decisions about participation in future trials or regulatory approval pathways.
This review does not present new clinical trial data and cannot independently confirm rintatolimod's efficacy—it synthesizes existing published studies. The review also does not definitively establish that immune dysregulation is the primary cause of ME/CFS, though it presents evidence supporting this hypothesis. Long-term safety and durability of treatment benefits remain to be fully established.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Mitchell, William M (2016). Efficacy of rintatolimod in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME).. Expert review of clinical pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1586/17512433.2016.1172960
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-mitchell-2016-efficacy-rintatolimod,
author = {Mitchell, William M},
title = {Efficacy of rintatolimod in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME).},
journal = {Expert review of clinical pharmacology},
year = {2016},
doi = {10.1586/17512433.2016.1172960},
note = {PubMed: 27045557},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/mitchell-2016-efficacy-rintatolimod},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-25. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/mitchell-2016-efficacy-rintatolimod
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