Morris, Gerwyn, Berk, Michael · BMC medicine · 2015 · DOI
This paper examines how mitochondria—the energy-producing parts of our cells—can become damaged in several conditions including ME/CFS. The authors found that while the specific causes may differ between patients, most people with these conditions share a common problem: their bodies produce too many harmful molecules called reactive oxygen species, which damage cells and trigger inflammation. This damage to mitochondria may explain why patients struggle with energy production and fatigue.
This study is important because it identifies chronic oxidative stress and inflammation as potential common mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in ME/CFS, even though the disease may have multiple entry points. Understanding these shared pathological pathways could guide development of targeted treatments and help explain the exercise intolerance and post-exertional malaise characteristic of ME/CFS.
This review does not establish whether oxidative stress and inflammation are primary causes of mitochondrial dysfunction or secondary consequences of the disease process. It also does not prove that all ME/CFS patients have mitochondrial dysfunction—the abstract notes findings are 'less consistent' in ME/CFS compared to conditions like MS, suggesting heterogeneity in the patient population. The paper cannot determine whether correcting oxidative stress would reverse mitochondrial damage or improve clinical outcomes.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Morris, Gerwyn & Berk, Michael (2015). The many roads to mitochondrial dysfunction in neuroimmune and neuropsychiatric disorders.. BMC medicine. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0310-y
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-morris-2015-many-roads,
author = {Morris, Gerwyn and Berk, Michael},
title = {The many roads to mitochondrial dysfunction in neuroimmune and neuropsychiatric disorders.},
journal = {BMC medicine},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-015-0310-y},
note = {PubMed: 25889215},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/morris-2015-many-roads},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-25. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/morris-2015-many-roads
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