Murgai, Meera, Thomas, James, Cherepanova, Olga et al. · Retrovirology · 2013 · DOI
This study examined how certain viruses found in cancer cell lines affect tumor blood vessel growth. Researchers discovered that when tumor cells were infected with specific retroviruses, they produced substances that prevented normal blood vessel maturation, which could make tumors more aggressive and likely to spread. However, the study makes clear that these viruses do not actually infect humans and are not responsible for ME/CFS.
Although this study does not support a role for XMRV in ME/CFS, it is included in the atlas because XMRV was once hypothesized to be associated with ME/CFS. Understanding why those claims were retracted—including evidence that XMRV arose through laboratory contamination rather than human infection—is important for patients seeking accurate information about the history of ME/CFS research. This study contributes to the scientific consensus that XMRV is not a human pathogen.
This study does not prove that XMRV or B4rv infect humans or cause disease in any human population, including ME/CFS patients. The authors explicitly state that 'it is highly unlikely that either XMRV or B4Rv themselves infect humans and are pathogenic.' Findings are limited to cell culture and mouse xenograft models, which do not translate directly to human disease mechanisms.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Murgai, Meera, Thomas, James, Cherepanova, Olga, Delviks-Frankenberry, Krista, Deeble, Paul, Pathak, Vinay K, et al. (2013). Xenotropic MLV envelope proteins induce tumor cells to secrete factors that promote the formation of immature blood vessels.. Retrovirology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-10-34
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-murgai-2013-xenotropic-mlv,
author = {Murgai, Meera and Thomas, James and Cherepanova, Olga and Delviks-Frankenberry, Krista and Deeble, Paul and Pathak, Vinay K and Rekosh, David and Owens, Gary},
title = {Xenotropic MLV envelope proteins induce tumor cells to secrete factors that promote the formation of immature blood vessels.},
journal = {Retrovirology},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.1186/1742-4690-10-34},
note = {PubMed: 23537062},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/murgai-2013-xenotropic-mlv},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-28. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/murgai-2013-xenotropic-mlv
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