Rezaei, Simin D, Hearps, Anna C, Mills, John et al. · Virology journal · 2013 · DOI
Researchers tested tissue samples from 35 Australian prostate cancer patients to see if they contained XMRV or related viruses, which had been claimed to cause both prostate cancer and ME/CFS. Using sensitive laboratory tests, they found no evidence of these viruses in any of the samples. This study adds to growing evidence that XMRV is not actually involved in prostate cancer and was likely a laboratory contamination rather than a real virus.
This study is important because XMRV was initially proposed as a potential cause of ME/CFS, generating significant patient hope and clinical investigation efforts. Definitive demonstration that XMRV is not present in patient tissues—using rigorous methodology and multiple geographic populations—helps redirect research resources toward genuine disease mechanisms and prevents continued investigation of a spurious association.
This study does not prove that no infectious agents are involved in ME/CFS; it only demonstrates that XMRV specifically is not present in prostate tissues from Australian cancer patients. The absence of XMRV in this particular tissue type and population does not definitively exclude other potential viral or infectious mechanisms in ME/CFS. Negative findings in prostate tissue cannot be directly extrapolated to other tissue types relevant to ME/CFS pathophysiology.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Rezaei, Simin D, Hearps, Anna C, Mills, John, Pedersen, John, & Tachedjian, Gilda (2013). No association between XMRV or related gammaretroviruses in Australian prostate cancer patients.. Virology journal. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-10-20
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-rezaei-2013-association-between,
author = {Rezaei, Simin D and Hearps, Anna C and Mills, John and Pedersen, John and Tachedjian, Gilda},
title = {No association between XMRV or related gammaretroviruses in Australian prostate cancer patients.},
journal = {Virology journal},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.1186/1743-422X-10-20},
note = {PubMed: 23305518},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/rezaei-2013-association-between},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-26. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/rezaei-2013-association-between
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