Ryan, Elizabeth G, Vitoratou, Silia, Goldsmith, Kimberley A et al. · Psychosomatic medicine · 2018 · DOI
This study tested a questionnaire designed to measure how people with ME/CFS think and behave in response to their illness—such as pushing through fatigue or avoiding activity. Researchers created a shorter, easier-to-use version of the original questionnaire by removing unnecessary questions while keeping the important ones. Both versions were found to be reliable and accurate tools for understanding these psychological responses.
Having reliable, validated tools to measure cognitive and behavioral responses in ME/CFS is important because these responses may perpetuate illness symptoms and are treatment targets. A shortened version increases clinical utility by reducing patient burden while maintaining measurement quality, making it more practical for routine clinical assessment and research.
This study does not demonstrate that cognitive and behavioral responses *cause* ME/CFS or that modifying them will improve outcomes—it only validates measurement tools. The study is cross-sectional and psychometric in nature; it does not establish causality or test treatment efficacy. Further research is needed to determine whether these measured responses are truly modifiable targets for intervention.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Ryan, Elizabeth G, Vitoratou, Silia, Goldsmith, Kimberley A, & Chalder, Trudie (2018). Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of a Long and Shortened Version of the Cognitive and Behavioural Responses Questionnaire.. Psychosomatic medicine. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000536
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-ryan-2018-psychometric-properties,
author = {Ryan, Elizabeth G and Vitoratou, Silia and Goldsmith, Kimberley A and Chalder, Trudie},
title = {Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of a Long and Shortened Version of the Cognitive and Behavioural Responses Questionnaire.},
journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
year = {2018},
doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000536},
note = {PubMed: 29023262},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/ryan-2018-psychometric-properties},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-30. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/ryan-2018-psychometric-properties
Contribute
Private, reviewed by a human. Not a public comment thread.