ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

2420 studies

2181–2200 of 2,420 studies

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Ablashi, D V·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This review article examines whether viruses play a role in causing ME/CFS by looking at existing research on viral infections in patients with this condition. The author analyzes studies investigating connections between various viruses and ME/CFS symptoms. The review helps summarize what scientists knew in 1994 about potential viral causes of the illness.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryBehavioralPEM unclearCase-Control

Chronic fatigue syndrome or affective disorder? Implications of the diagnosis on management.

Giannopoulou, Joanna, Marriott, Sarah·European child & adolescent psychiatry·1994

This case study describes a teenage boy who was initially thought to have post-viral fatigue syndrome (a condition similar to ME/CFS that follows infections) but was actually diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a mental health condition involving extreme mood swings. The doctors discuss how difficult it can be to tell the difference between these two conditions in young people, and how getting the diagnosis wrong can seriously affect their treatment and development.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Neuropsychiatric status of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: an overview.

Deluca, J, Johnson, S K, Natelson, B H·Toxicology and industrial health·1994

This review examines how ME/CFS affects thinking, memory, and mental health. Researchers compared people with ME/CFS to people with multiple sclerosis, depression, and healthy individuals to understand the neuropsychiatric symptoms (brain and mental health effects) that often accompany the chronic fatigue. The study suggests that cognitive problems in ME/CFS are a real biological feature of the illness, not simply depression.

Cognitive Impairment

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCase-Control

Consideration of narcolepsy in the differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Ambrogetti, A, Olson, L G·The Medical journal of Australia·1994

This study describes four patients who were initially diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) but actually had a different condition called narcolepsy, which causes extreme daytime sleepiness. When these patients were properly diagnosed with narcolepsy and treated with a medication called methylphenidate, their symptoms improved significantly or resolved completely. The authors suggest that doctors should carefully check for narcolepsy in patients with CFS who report severe daytime sleepiness.

Sleep

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome].

Trinidad, E E, Ramírez-Ronda, C·Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico·1994

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a long-lasting illness that causes extreme tiredness and affects an estimated 24% of people. It was officially defined as a medical condition in 1988 after doctors recognized increasing numbers of patients with similar symptoms. The condition is more common in women aged 20-50 and is currently treated with supportive care to help manage symptoms.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredObservational

Effort syndrome: hyperventilation and reduction of anaerobic threshold.

Nixon, P G·Biofeedback and self-regulation·1994

This study focuses on a condition called 'effort syndrome,' which causes people to feel exhausted during physical activity. The researchers found that patients with effort syndrome breathe too heavily (hyperventilate), which changes the chemistry of their blood and makes their muscles tire much earlier than normal. By measuring breathing patterns during exercise, doctors can identify how much work each patient can do before their body runs out of chemical buffers.

Post-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Neurobiological aspects of the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Bearn, J, Wessely, S·European journal of clinical investigation·1994

This study looked at how the brain and nervous system may be involved in chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Researchers examined the biological mechanisms that might explain why people with ME/CFS experience persistent tiredness and other symptoms. The review helps identify which parts of the nervous system could be affected in this condition.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Upregulation of the 2-5A synthetase/RNase L antiviral pathway associated with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Suhadolnik, R J, Reichenbach, N L, Hitzges, P et al.·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This study found that people with ME/CFS have overactive immune signaling molecules called the 2-5A pathway in their blood cells, which normally fight viral infections. When patients received an experimental treatment, this overactive pathway calmed down and they improved clinically, and the researchers also found signs of a herpesvirus in almost all CFS patients tested.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Professional and popular views of chronic fatigue syndrome.

MacLean, G, Wessely, S·BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·1994

This study looked at how ME/CFS was covered in different types of media between 1980 and 1994. Researchers found that scientific journals were skeptical about whether ME/CFS had physical causes, while newspapers and magazines tended to present it as a real medical illness. This difference in coverage may have confused the public and healthcare providers about what ME/CFS actually is.

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCase-Control

Wegener's granuloma--presenting as a unilateral parotid swelling.

Benson-Mitchell, R, Tolley, N, Croft, C B et al.·The Journal of laryngology and otology·1994

This case study describes one patient who was initially diagnosed with ME/CFS but later found to have Wegener's granuloma, a serious autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in blood vessels. The patient presented with hearing loss and swelling in one salivary gland, which is an unusual way for this disease to appear. The case highlights how important it is for doctors to consider other diagnoses when patients have unexpected symptoms.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Levy, J A·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This review explores whether viruses might cause ME/CFS. Researchers found that while many different viruses have been suspected, no single virus has been proven to be the cause. However, studies show that people with ME/CFS have immune system abnormalities—particularly problems with cells that fight infection—suggesting their body may be stuck in an overactive response to a virus they once had or still have.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCase-Control

Chronic fatigue: a peculiar evolution of eosinophilia myalgia syndrome following treatment with L-tryptophan in four Italian adolescents.

Priori, R, Conti, F, Luan, F L et al.·European journal of pediatrics·1994

This study describes four teenagers in Italy who developed severe, persistent fatigue after taking L-tryptophan supplements. Before the fatigue developed, they experienced eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS)—a condition with high levels of certain white blood cells and severe muscle pain. The researchers found that these teenagers' symptoms looked very similar to chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7).

Ablashi, D V, Berneman, Z N, Kramarsky, B et al.·In vivo (Athens, Greece)·1994

This review examines Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7), a common virus that infects most people in the United States. HHV-7 was first discovered in 1990 and was found in a ME/CFS patient in 1992, raising early questions about whether it might be involved in the illness. However, researchers have not yet found clear evidence that HHV-7 causes any specific disease.

E3 PreliminaryBehavioralPEM not requiredCase-Control

A psychodynamic view of the chronic fatigue syndrome. The role of object relations in etiology and treatment.

Taerk, G, Gnam, W·General hospital psychiatry·1994

This study explored whether talk therapy focusing on early life relationships could help people with ME/CFS. Two patients received intensive psychoanalytic therapy (2-3 sessions per week for over 18 months), and the researchers found that when patients understood connections between their fatigue and relationship patterns, their symptoms improved. The study suggests that psychological factors related to early relationships may play a role in ME/CFS for some people.

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

Eicosanoids and essential fatty acid modulation in chronic disease and the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Gray, J B, Martinovic, A M·Medical hypotheses·1994

This study proposes that ME/CFS may involve problems with how the body processes essential fatty acids—nutrients found in foods like fish and seeds. When stress is constant or too intense, the body's ability to use these fatty acids becomes sluggish, which can trigger ongoing immune system problems and exhaustion. The researchers suggest that changing your diet to better balance these fatty acids might help restore normal immune function and improve symptoms.

Energy MetabolismImmune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinical, social psychological problems and management].

Wessely, S·L'Encephale·1994

This review examines ME/CFS by comparing it to an older condition called neurasthenia and explores what causes the illness. The authors suggest that ME/CFS likely involves multiple factors including brain chemistry changes, difficulty perceiving effort, mood problems, and reduced physical activity—rather than being purely psychological or a muscle problem. They recommend cognitive-behavioral therapy (gradual activity increase) and antidepressants as the main treatments, while warning that too much rest can actually make the condition worse long-term.

Sleep

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome].

Sternon, J, Decaux, G, Hoffmann, G·Revue medicale de Bruxelles·1994

This paper describes how doctors can diagnose ME/CFS using specific criteria and discusses what might cause the condition. The authors note that viral infections may trigger ME/CFS, and that anxiety or depression can make symptoms worse. Importantly, they found that some patients improve on their own after a few years, though most don't respond well to available treatments.

SleepDiagnostics

E3 PreliminaryGuidelinePEM unclearGuideline

[Therapeutic guidelines in chronic fatigue syndrome].

Bertolín Guillén, J M, Bedate Villar, J·Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines·1994

This article reviews different treatment approaches for ME/CFS, which currently lacks a definitive cure. Researchers found that antidepressant medications—particularly amfebutamone and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors—showed the most promise, while other medications (antivirals, immune boosters, anti-inflammatory drugs) had limited success. A combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and comprehensive psychiatric management tailored to each patient's needs also appeared helpful.

Interventions

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

A brief history of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Kim, E·JAMA·1994

This is a historical review article that traces how chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) has been understood and described over time. The article examines the evolution of the condition from early medical descriptions through the modern era, helping readers understand how our knowledge of ME/CFS has changed. It provides context for why ME/CFS was named and recognized as a legitimate medical condition.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredObservational

Cytokine production and fatigue in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy control subjects in response to exercise.

Lloyd, A, Gandevia, S, Brockman, A et al.·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

Researchers asked whether a specific immune response causes the fatigue that ME/CFS patients experience after exercise. They had patients and healthy people do a 30-minute hand-grip exercise and checked their blood for immune chemicals (cytokines) before, during, and after exercise. Surprisingly, they found no changes in these immune chemicals in either group, and patients actually reported feeling less fatigued after the exercise—the opposite of what happens in real life.

Immune SystemPost-Exertional Malaise

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Evidence browser

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Chronic fatigue syndrome or affective disorder? Implications of the diagnosis on management.

Neuropsychiatric status of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: an overview.

Consideration of narcolepsy in the differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome].

Effort syndrome: hyperventilation and reduction of anaerobic threshold.

Neurobiological aspects of the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Upregulation of the 2-5A synthetase/RNase L antiviral pathway associated with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Professional and popular views of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Wegener's granuloma--presenting as a unilateral parotid swelling.

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Chronic fatigue: a peculiar evolution of eosinophilia myalgia syndrome following treatment with L-tryptophan in four Italian adolescents.

Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7).

A psychodynamic view of the chronic fatigue syndrome. The role of object relations in etiology and treatment.

Eicosanoids and essential fatty acid modulation in chronic disease and the chronic fatigue syndrome.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinical, social psychological problems and management].

[Chronic fatigue syndrome].

[Therapeutic guidelines in chronic fatigue syndrome].

A brief history of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Cytokine production and fatigue in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy control subjects in response to exercise.

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