ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

5021–5040 of 6,188 studies

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Fatigue and chronic fatigue in the elderly: definitions, diagnoses, and treatments.

Morelli, Vincent·Clinics in geriatric medicine·2011

This review article helps doctors understand fatigue in older adults by explaining three types: fatigue that comes on recently, fatigue that lasts a long time, and chronic fatigue syndrome. The article discusses how doctors can evaluate fatigue and offers both medication and non-medication treatments like exercise, vitamins, diet changes, and behavioral strategies.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Increased HDAC in association with decreased plasma cortisol in older adults with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Jason, Leonard, Sorenson, Matthew, Sebally, Kebba et al.·Brain, behavior, and immunity·2011

This study examined stress hormone systems in older adults with ME/CFS. Researchers found that people with ME/CFS had lower levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) but higher levels of an enzyme called HDAC and lower antioxidant protection. These findings suggest that the body's stress response system isn't working properly in ME/CFS, possibly due to increased cellular stress.

Endocrine Disruption

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Treatment of central sensitization in patients with 'unexplained' chronic pain: what options do we have?

Nijs, Jo, Meeus, Mira, Van Oosterwijck, Jessica et al.·Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy·2011

This review examines how the nervous system can become overly sensitive to pain signals, a condition called central sensitization that occurs in many chronic pain disorders including ME/CFS. The authors summarize different treatment approaches—including medications, physical therapy, brain stimulation, and stress management—that may help calm down an overactive pain processing system in the brain and spinal cord.

Pain and Sensitization

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

A Chinese herbal decoction, Danggui Buxue Tang, improves chronic fatigue syndrome induced by food restriction and forced swimming in rats.

Liu, Ya, Zhang, Hai-Gang, Li, Xiao-Hui·Phytotherapy research : PTR·2011

Researchers tested a traditional Chinese herbal mixture called Danggui Buxue Tang on rats engineered to have chronic fatigue-like symptoms. Rats treated with the herb showed improvements in body weight, physical endurance, and markers of immune function, suggesting the herbal mixture might help reduce fatigue by calming overactive immune responses.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Structural integration, an alternative method of manual therapy and sensorimotor education.

Jacobson, Eric·Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2011

Structural Integration (SI) is a hands-on therapy that focuses on improving how your body moves and holds itself, rather than treating specific symptoms. This review looked at what we know about how SI might work—such as making muscles and connective tissues more flexible and improving how your nervous system processes movement and stress—and found that small studies have reported improvements in pain, movement, balance, and well-being in some conditions including chronic fatigue.

Pain and Sensitization

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

The sick building syndrome as a part of the autoimmune (auto-inflammatory) syndrome induced by adjuvants.

Israeli, Eitan, Pardo, Asher·Modern rheumatology·2011

This review paper proposes that sick building syndrome—a collection of unexplained symptoms people develop from spending time in certain buildings—may be part of a larger group of related conditions. The authors suggest that sick building syndrome shares many symptoms with other post-exposure illnesses like Gulf War syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome, and may all stem from similar immune system problems triggered by specific substances.

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM unclearEditorial

Diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia: how and why.

Hayhoe, Simon·Pain management·2011

Fibromyalgia is a condition causing widespread muscle pain, tiredness, and sleep problems that doctors still debate about. It shares some features with ME/CFS and may involve both physical changes in how the nervous system processes pain and psychological factors. Treatment typically includes certain antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, and talking therapy with gentle exercise, though most patients only get partial improvement.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM unclearMechanistic

Phylogenetic analysis of murine leukemia virus sequences from longitudinally sampled chronic fatigue syndrome patients suggests PCR contamination rather than viral evolution.

Katzourakis, Aris, Hué, Stéphane, Kellam, Paul et al.·Journal of virology·2011

This study examined whether a virus called XMRV, found in some ME/CFS patients' samples over 15 years apart, could have naturally evolved within patients' bodies. Using genetic analysis, the researchers found that the virus sequences were actually different types of mouse viruses, not the same virus changing over time. This suggests the virus detections were likely due to laboratory contamination rather than evidence of an actual persistent infection.

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredCase-Control

Polymorphisms of adrenergic cardiovascular control genes are associated with adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome.

Sommerfeldt, Line, Portilla, Helene, Jacobsen, Line et al.·Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)·2011

This study looked at genetic differences in genes that control how the body responds to stress and manages heart rate and blood pressure in teenagers with ME/CFS. Researchers found that people with ME/CFS were more likely to have certain genetic variations in two specific genes (COMT and the β₂-adrenergic receptor) compared to healthy people. These genetic differences may affect how well the body's autonomic nervous system (which controls automatic body functions) works during physical stress.

Autonomic Nervous System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Blood pressure variability and closed-loop baroreflex assessment in adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome during supine rest and orthostatic stress.

Wyller, Vegard Bruun, Barbieri, Riccardo, Saul, J Philip·European journal of applied physiology·2011

This study looked at how the nervous system controls heart rate and blood pressure in teenagers with ME/CFS compared to healthy peers. Researchers found that teenagers with ME/CFS had less flexible blood pressure responses and their bodies shifted more toward 'fight or flight' nervous system activation when standing or experiencing mild stress, suggesting their autonomic nervous system (which controls these functions automatically) may not work as efficiently.

Autonomic Nervous System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Hepatitis C virus enters human peripheral neuroblastoma cells - evidence for extra-hepatic cells sustaining hepatitis C virus penetration.

Bürgel, B, Friesland, M, Koch, A et al.·Journal of viral hepatitis·2011

This study investigated whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) can infect and replicate in nerve cells, since some HCV patients experience fatigue, depression, and memory problems. Researchers tested whether HCV could enter and survive in different types of brain and nerve cells in the laboratory. They found that HCV could enter one type of peripheral nerve cell, but could not replicate in any of the brain or nerve cell types tested.

Neuroinflammation

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM unclearMechanistic

The left half of the XMRV retrovirus is present in an endogenous retrovirus of NIH/3T3 Swiss mouse cells.

Mendoza, Ramon, Vaughan, Andrew E, Miller, A Dusty·Journal of virology·2011

Scientists searched for where XMRV (a virus once suspected in ME/CFS) might have originally come from by looking in mouse cells. They found a piece of XMRV in mouse DNA but not a complete virus. This discovery suggests XMRV has mouse origins and warns that lab contamination from mouse cells could create false positive results when testing for this virus.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Kynurenine pathway Hypothesis: The nature of the chronic Fatigue syndrome (cFs) Revisited.

Blankfield, Adele·International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR·2011

This study examines a theory that ME/CFS might be related to problems with how the body processes an amino acid called tryptophan. The body normally breaks down tryptophan through a pathway called the kynurenine pathway, and the researchers suggest that abnormalities in this process could contribute to the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Energy Metabolism

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Infection, viral dissemination, and antibody responses of rhesus macaques exposed to the human gammaretrovirus XMRV.

Onlamoon, Nattawat, Das Gupta, Jaydip, Sharma, Prachi et al.·Journal of virology·2011

This study examined whether XMRV, a virus that had been proposed as a potential cause of chronic fatigue syndrome, could establish persistent infection in primates similar to humans. Researchers injected five macaques with XMRV and tracked the virus over 9 months, finding that it created a long-lasting infection that spread to multiple organs and tissues, even when it disappeared from the blood. The virus affected different cell types in different organs and triggered some immune responses, but these responses were weak and didn't effectively clear the infection.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Epigallocatechin gallate ameliorates behavioral and biochemical deficits in rat model of load-induced chronic fatigue syndrome.

Sachdeva, Anand Kamal, Kuhad, Anurag, Chopra, Kanwaljit·Brain research bulletin·2011

Researchers gave rats a substance called EGCG (found in green tea) to see if it could help with fatigue caused by physical and mental stress. The rats that received EGCG showed improvements in tiredness, concentration, and pain compared to rats that didn't receive it, suggesting this compound might have potential as a treatment for ME/CFS.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

How to care for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/ME.

McGough, Amanda·Nursing times·2011

This article provides practical guidance for nurses and healthcare professionals on how to care for patients with ME/CFS. It focuses on managing symptoms, supporting patients through their illness, and improving the quality of care these patients receive in clinical settings.

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

No evidence of murine leukemia virus-related viruses in live attenuated human vaccines.

Switzer, William M, Zheng, Haoqiang, Simmons, Graham et al.·PloS one·2011

Researchers tested 8 common vaccines to see if they contained XMRV or related viruses that had been previously linked to ME/CFS. They used sensitive tests including genetic sequencing to look for these viruses. None of the vaccines contained XMRV or the related viruses they were looking for, suggesting vaccines are not a source of these viruses in people.

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Resveratrol improves hippocampal atrophy in chronic fatigue mice by enhancing neurogenesis and inhibiting apoptosis of granular cells.

Moriya, Junji, Chen, Rui, Yamakawa, Jun-ichi et al.·Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin·2011

Researchers created mice with chronic fatigue by repeatedly exposing them to a bacterial antigen, which caused them to move less and their brains to shrink in a region called the hippocampus. When they gave these mice resveratrol (a compound found in red grapes), the mice became more active and their hippocampus enlarged. The treatment appeared to work by reducing brain cell death and promoting the growth of new brain cells.

Neuroinflammation

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM unclearMechanistic

XMRV: usage of receptors and potential co-receptors.

Setty, Mohan Kumar Haleyur Giri, Devadas, Krishnakumar, Ragupathy, Viswanath et al.·Virology journal·2011

Scientists studied how a virus called XMRV enters and infects human cells, particularly immune cells. They found that while this virus is known to use one main doorway (called XPR1) to get into cells, it can also use other doorways, including ones normally used by immune system molecules called chemokine receptors. This suggests the virus may be more flexible at infecting different types of cells than previously thought.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

XMRV, prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Kenyon, Julia C, Lever, Andrew M L·British medical bulletin·2011

A virus called XMRV was discovered in 2009 and researchers initially thought it might be linked to ME/CFS. However, studies from different countries could not confirm this connection, and many scientists now believe the virus was not actually present in patient samples but was instead introduced by accident during laboratory testing. While the virus can infect human cells in theory, it does not appear to be a significant cause of ME/CFS.

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Evidence Atlas

Evidence browser

Fatigue and chronic fatigue in the elderly: definitions, diagnoses, and treatments.

Increased HDAC in association with decreased plasma cortisol in older adults with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Treatment of central sensitization in patients with 'unexplained' chronic pain: what options do we have?

A Chinese herbal decoction, Danggui Buxue Tang, improves chronic fatigue syndrome induced by food restriction and forced swimming in rats.

Structural integration, an alternative method of manual therapy and sensorimotor education.

The sick building syndrome as a part of the autoimmune (auto-inflammatory) syndrome induced by adjuvants.

Diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia: how and why.

Phylogenetic analysis of murine leukemia virus sequences from longitudinally sampled chronic fatigue syndrome patients suggests PCR contamination rather than viral evolution.

Polymorphisms of adrenergic cardiovascular control genes are associated with adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome.

Blood pressure variability and closed-loop baroreflex assessment in adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome during supine rest and orthostatic stress.

Hepatitis C virus enters human peripheral neuroblastoma cells - evidence for extra-hepatic cells sustaining hepatitis C virus penetration.

The left half of the XMRV retrovirus is present in an endogenous retrovirus of NIH/3T3 Swiss mouse cells.

Kynurenine pathway Hypothesis: The nature of the chronic Fatigue syndrome (cFs) Revisited.

Infection, viral dissemination, and antibody responses of rhesus macaques exposed to the human gammaretrovirus XMRV.

Epigallocatechin gallate ameliorates behavioral and biochemical deficits in rat model of load-induced chronic fatigue syndrome.

How to care for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/ME.

No evidence of murine leukemia virus-related viruses in live attenuated human vaccines.

Resveratrol improves hippocampal atrophy in chronic fatigue mice by enhancing neurogenesis and inhibiting apoptosis of granular cells.

XMRV: usage of receptors and potential co-receptors.

XMRV, prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome.

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