ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

6081–6100 of 6,211 studies

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Immunologically mediated fatigue: a murine model.

Chao, C C, DeLaHunt, M, Hu, S et al.·Clinical immunology and immunopathology·1992

Researchers infected mice with agents that trigger immune system activation and found that the mice became fatigued—they ran much less on their exercise wheels and took longer to groom themselves after swimming. The infected mice also showed elevated levels of a immune signaling molecule called TGF-beta, which is also found at high levels in ME/CFS patients. This study suggests that an overly active immune response may be directly responsible for the fatigue experienced in ME/CFS.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredObservational

Bupropion treatment of fluoxetine-resistant chronic fatigue syndrome.

Goodnick, P J, Sandoval, R, Brickman, A et al.·Biological psychiatry·1992

This study tested whether bupropion, an antidepressant medication, could help ME/CFS patients who didn't benefit from or couldn't tolerate fluoxetine (another antidepressant). Nine patients took 300 mg of bupropion daily for 8 weeks and showed significant improvement in depression symptoms. The researchers also found that bupropion appeared to affect certain brain chemicals and immune markers in ways that correlated with symptom improvement.

Interventions

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome in school children].

Kawa, K·Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·1992

This review examines chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) in school-age children, a population that is often overlooked since most known cases occur in adults over 30. The authors emphasize that ME/CFS causes long-lasting, disabling fatigue lasting at least 6 months that cannot be explained by other medical conditions. They stress the importance of understanding how the brain, hormonal system, and immune system interact in ME/CFS, and note that doctors must carefully distinguish ME/CFS from school absence due to other reasons or psychological disorders.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

Ablashi, D V, Zompetta, C, Lease, C et al.·Canada diseases weekly report = Rapport hebdomadaire des maladies au Canada·1991

This review article examines whether human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), a common virus that infects most people in childhood, might be connected to ME/CFS. The authors gathered available evidence about HHV6 and its potential role in causing or contributing to chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Detection of Epstein-Barr virus with molecular hybridization techniques.

Pagano, J S·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

This paper reviews different laboratory techniques for detecting Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a common virus that some researchers suspect might play a role in ME/CFS. The authors explain that newer methods like genetic testing and blood analysis are much faster and more accurate than older traditional tests, and could help scientists understand whether EBV actually causes chronic fatigue syndrome.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM not requiredMethods-Paper

Validation of biologic markers for use in research on chronic fatigue syndrome.

Schulte, P A·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

This paper explains how scientists should evaluate biological markers—measurable signs in blood, tissue, or other body samples—before using them in ME/CFS research. The authors provide a practical checklist that researchers should follow to make sure these markers are reliable, meaningful, and won't be affected by other factors. This helps ensure that future ME/CFS studies measure things accurately and produce trustworthy results.

E3 PreliminaryTrialPEM not requiredRCT

A randomized comparison of two doses of human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha in hairy cell leukemia. Wellcome HCL Study Group.

Smalley, R V, Anderson, S A, Tuttle, R L et al.·Blood·1991

This study tested two different doses of interferon-alpha (a type of immune protein) in patients with hairy cell leukemia, a blood cancer. Researchers found that the lower dose worked almost as well as the higher dose for improving blood cell counts but caused fewer side effects, including less chronic fatigue. Based on these results, doctors were advised to start patients on the lower dose.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Molecular approaches to epidemiologic evaluation of viruses as risk factors for patients who have chronic fatigue syndrome.

Miller, G·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

This paper proposes that studying how viral infections like flu, hepatitis, and mono can trigger long-term fatigue might help us understand ME/CFS. The researchers suggest examining not just whether someone had a virus, but how much virus was present, which type of virus it was, where it spread in the body, and whether the virus was active or dormant. They also recommend looking carefully at how individual patients' immune systems respond to specific parts of viruses.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM not requiredMethods-Paper

A supplemental interview for forms of "affective spectrum disorder".

Pope, H G, Hudson, J I·International journal of psychiatry in medicine·1991

Researchers created a standardized interview tool to help diagnose seven different conditions—including chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, migraines, narcolepsy, Tourette's disorder, and kleptomania—based on the idea that these disorders may be related to each other. They developed questions following a recognized medical interview format and tested the tool with over 100 patients. The authors suggest these conditions may share common underlying features related to mood and emotion regulation.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Evidence for impaired activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Demitrack, M A, Dale, J K, Straus, S E et al.·The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·1991

This study examined whether ME/CFS patients have a problem with their body's stress hormone system, specifically the network that controls cortisol production. Researchers found that ME/CFS patients had lower cortisol levels than healthy people, but their bodies were responding unusually to stimulation—suggesting the problem lies in the brain's control center rather than the adrenal glands themselves.

Endocrine Disruption

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Psychiatric perspectives: an overview.

Woods, T O, Goldberg, D P·British medical bulletin·1991

This review examines how psychological and social factors may play a role in ME/CFS. The authors suggest that while a viral illness may trigger the condition in people with certain personality traits, over time the disorder becomes maintained by how people and doctors respond to the illness rather than the original virus itself. They discuss how doctor-patient interactions and how people cope with their illness may contribute to keeping ME/CFS going.

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCase-Control

Infectious mononucleosis, Epstein-Barr virus, and chronic fatigue syndrome: a prospective case series.

Fark, A R·The Journal of family practice·1991

This study looked at whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the virus that causes infectious mononucleosis (mono), might be the cause of ME/CFS. Researchers found that some people with chronic fatigue had high levels of antibodies (immune markers) against EBV, and some of them had never fully recovered from a previous mono infection. The study suggests a possible link between EBV infection and the development of chronic fatigue, though it doesn't prove the virus directly causes ME/CFS.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

Assessment of depression in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Thase, M E·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

This paper examines how depression and ME/CFS are connected and how to tell them apart. The authors warn that depression is sometimes mistakenly diagnosed as ME/CFS, while in other cases ME/CFS itself may cause depression-like symptoms. They recommend that doctors use multiple assessment tools and be careful to distinguish between these conditions rather than assuming one is the cause of the other.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Physiologic measurement of exercise and fatigue with special reference to chronic fatigue syndrome.

Lewis, S F, Haller, R G·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

This review article explains how scientists measure exercise capacity and fatigue in the body. It describes three key concepts: aerobic fitness (how efficiently your heart and muscles use oxygen), muscle strength (your muscles' ability to produce force), and fatigue (the loss of strength that happens during activity). The authors discuss how these measurements might help us better understand what happens in ME/CFS when patients experience excessive fatigue.

Post-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

Chronic fatigue syndrome: is it real?

Kroenke, K·Postgraduate medicine·1991

This 1991 editorial discusses what doctors understood about ME/CFS at that time. The author suggests that ME/CFS is likely connected to depression, mild immune system problems, or a combination of both, rather than being caused by Epstein-Barr virus alone. The article recommends that doctors use careful patient interviews, physical exams, and basic blood tests to diagnose the condition, and that supportive, hopeful care is important for treatment.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Depression and chronic fatigue in the patient with chronic pain.

Covington, E C·Primary care·1991

This study explores how chronic pain, fatigue, and depression often occur together in patients. The authors suggest that these three conditions share common causes and may influence each other. Treatment works best when doctors address each problem separately using a combination of physical rehabilitation, education, medications, and counseling.

Pain and Sensitization

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

alpha-Interferon and 5-fluorouracil: possible mechanisms of antitumor action.

Meadows, L M, Walther, P, Ozer, H·Seminars in oncology·1991

This study tested a cancer treatment combining two drugs (5-fluorouracil and interferon alfa-2b) in 17 patients. One side effect observed was chronic fatigue syndrome, which forced doctors to reduce the interferon dose in some patients. The study found the drug combination showed promise against certain cancers, but it also caused significant side effects including fatigue, mouth sores, and other complications.

E3 PreliminaryBehavioralPEM unclear

Effective treatment for an adolescent with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Wachsmuth, J R, MacMillan, H L·Clinical pediatrics·1991

This study describes the case of a teenager with chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) who received treatment. The doctors documented how the patient was evaluated and what approach was used to help manage their symptoms. This single case report provides an early clinical example of treating ME/CFS in young patients.

Interventions

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Analysis of clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory data on chronic fatigue syndrome.

Redmond, C K·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

This paper reviews how ME/CFS research has been studied and analyzed over time. The authors found that many ME/CFS studies don't use the best statistical methods available. They recommend that future ME/CFS research should include expert statisticians who can use more advanced analytical techniques to better understand patterns in patient data and find clues about what causes this illness.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome; psychiatric aspects].

Hawton, K E, Hengeveld, M W·Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde·1991

This 1991 review article examines the psychiatric aspects of chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), exploring how mental health factors relate to the condition. The authors discuss the connection between psychiatric symptoms and fatigue, helping to clarify whether psychological issues cause ME/CFS or occur alongside it. This work contributed to early medical understanding of how ME/CFS affects both the body and mind.

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Immunologically mediated fatigue: a murine model.

Bupropion treatment of fluoxetine-resistant chronic fatigue syndrome.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome in school children].

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

Detection of Epstein-Barr virus with molecular hybridization techniques.

Validation of biologic markers for use in research on chronic fatigue syndrome.

A randomized comparison of two doses of human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha in hairy cell leukemia. Wellcome HCL Study Group.

Molecular approaches to epidemiologic evaluation of viruses as risk factors for patients who have chronic fatigue syndrome.

A supplemental interview for forms of "affective spectrum disorder".

Evidence for impaired activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Psychiatric perspectives: an overview.

Infectious mononucleosis, Epstein-Barr virus, and chronic fatigue syndrome: a prospective case series.

Assessment of depression in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Physiologic measurement of exercise and fatigue with special reference to chronic fatigue syndrome.

Chronic fatigue syndrome: is it real?

Depression and chronic fatigue in the patient with chronic pain.

alpha-Interferon and 5-fluorouracil: possible mechanisms of antitumor action.

Effective treatment for an adolescent with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Analysis of clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory data on chronic fatigue syndrome.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome; psychiatric aspects].

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