Balachandran, N, Tirawatnapong, S, Pfeiffer, B et al. · The Journal of infectious diseases · 1991 · DOI
This study examined how the immune system responds to human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), a virus that researchers have investigated in ME/CFS patients. Scientists took blood samples from healthy people and patients with various conditions including ME/CFS, and looked at which HHV-6 proteins the immune system recognized. They found that people with detectable antibodies (immune proteins) against HHV-6 recognized multiple viral proteins, with stronger responses corresponding to higher antibody levels.
This study characterizes the specific HHV-6 proteins that trigger immune responses in ME/CFS patients and other conditions, contributing to understanding of HHV-6's immunogenic properties. Since HHV-6 has been investigated as a potential cofactor in ME/CFS pathogenesis, mapping which viral proteins elicit antibodies could inform research into viral reactivation and immune dysfunction.
This study does not establish that HHV-6 causes ME/CFS or proves active viral infection—it only shows that ME/CFS patients, like others with various conditions, develop antibodies to HHV-6 proteins. The presence of antibodies indicates past or chronic exposure but cannot determine whether the virus contributes to disease pathogenesis. No comparison of antibody profiles between ME/CFS patients and disease-free controls was made, limiting disease-specific conclusions.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Balachandran, N, Tirawatnapong, S, Pfeiffer, B, Ablashi, D V, & Salahuddin, S Z (1991). Electrophoretic analysis of human herpesvirus 6 polypeptides immunoprecipitated from infected cells with human sera.. The Journal of infectious diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/163.1.29
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-balachandran-1991-electrophoretic-analysis,
author = {Balachandran, N and Tirawatnapong, S and Pfeiffer, B and Ablashi, D V and Salahuddin, S Z},
title = {Electrophoretic analysis of human herpesvirus 6 polypeptides immunoprecipitated from infected cells with human sera.},
journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
year = {1991},
doi = {10.1093/infdis/163.1.29},
note = {PubMed: 1845808},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/balachandran-1991-electrophoretic-analysis},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-30. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/balachandran-1991-electrophoretic-analysis
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