Gow, John W, Hagan, Suzanne, Herzyk, Pawel et al. · BMC medical genomics · 2009 · DOI
This study looked at whether certain genes are turned on or off differently in people with ME/CFS compared to healthy people. Researchers examined blood cells from 8 men with post-infectious ME/CFS and 7 healthy men, testing the activity of nearly 39,000 genes. They found that 366 genes were expressed differently between the two groups, particularly in areas related to immune function, oxidative stress, and cell death.
This work represents an early attempt to identify objective molecular markers (biomarkers) for ME/CFS, which currently lacks reliable diagnostic tests. Discovering gene expression patterns associated with post-infectious ME/CFS could eventually enable blood-based diagnosis and reveal underlying disease mechanisms involving immune dysfunction and cellular stress.
This study does not prove that the identified genes cause ME/CFS, only that their expression differs between patients and controls—correlation does not equal causation. The findings were not validated in an independent cohort, so the identified biomarkers have not been confirmed as clinically useful. Additionally, results from only male participants may not apply to women, who represent the majority of ME/CFS cases.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Gow, John W, Hagan, Suzanne, Herzyk, Pawel, Cannon, Celia, Behan, Peter O, & Chaudhuri, Abhijit (2009). A gene signature for post-infectious chronic fatigue syndrome.. BMC medical genomics. https://doi.org/10.1186/1755-8794-2-38
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-gow-2009-gene-signature,
author = {Gow, John W and Hagan, Suzanne and Herzyk, Pawel and Cannon, Celia and Behan, Peter O and Chaudhuri, Abhijit},
title = {A gene signature for post-infectious chronic fatigue syndrome.},
journal = {BMC medical genomics},
year = {2009},
doi = {10.1186/1755-8794-2-38},
note = {PubMed: 19555476},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/gow-2009-gene-signature},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-30. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/gow-2009-gene-signature
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