Leventhal, L J, Naides, S J, Freundlich, B · Arthritis and rheumatism · 1991 · DOI
This study describes three patients who developed fibromyalgia (a condition causing widespread pain and fatigue) shortly after having parvovirus B19 infections. Blood tests confirmed the virus was present, and sleep studies showed abnormal sleep patterns in two patients. The researchers suggest that doctors should look more carefully for viral infections in fibromyalgia patients whose symptoms started with flu-like illness.
This study is relevant to ME/CFS research because fibromyalgia and ME/CFS share overlapping symptoms and both have been hypothesized to have infectious triggers. Understanding potential viral causes of post-infectious fatigue and pain conditions could help identify pathways common to both illnesses and improve diagnostic approaches for patients with acute-onset symptoms.
This case series cannot prove that parvovirus B19 causes fibromyalgia in the general population—it only describes three individual cases. The study does not establish causation or determine what proportion of FM cases might be triggered by parvovirus. Without a control group or systematic comparison, it remains unclear whether parvovirus infection is a common trigger versus a rare coincidence.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Leventhal, L J, Naides, S J, & Freundlich, B (1991). Fibromyalgia and parvovirus infection.. Arthritis and rheumatism. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780341018
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-leventhal-1991-fibromyalgia-parvovirus,
author = {Leventhal, L J and Naides, S J and Freundlich, B},
title = {Fibromyalgia and parvovirus infection.},
journal = {Arthritis and rheumatism},
year = {1991},
doi = {10.1002/art.1780341018},
note = {PubMed: 1657005},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/leventhal-1991-fibromyalgia-parvovirus},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-30. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/leventhal-1991-fibromyalgia-parvovirus
Contribute
Private, reviewed by a human. Not a public comment thread.