Repka-Ramirez, Susana, Naranch, Kristina, Park, Yong-Jin et al. · Allergy and asthma proceedings · 2002
Researchers measured inflammation markers in nasal fluid samples from people with ME/CFS, allergic rhinitis, acute sinusitis, and healthy controls. They found that people with acute sinusitis had significantly higher levels of inflammatory substances, but people with ME/CFS did not show elevated inflammation in their nasal passages compared to healthy controls.
This study directly examines whether nasal inflammation plays a role in ME/CFS-related symptoms, which is important because some patients report sinus or rhinitis-like symptoms. The findings suggest that if such symptoms occur in ME/CFS, they are not driven by the same inflammatory mechanisms seen in acute sinusitis or allergic rhinitis, which may inform both patient management and mechanistic research.
This study does not prove that ME/CFS involves no inflammation anywhere in the body—it only examined nasal lavage fluid and did not assess systemic inflammation or inflammation in other tissues. The cross-sectional design cannot establish causation or determine whether inflammatory changes occur at different disease stages. Additionally, the study does not rule out non-inflammatory causes of rhinitis symptoms in ME/CFS.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Repka-Ramirez, Susana, Naranch, Kristina, Park, Yong-Jin, Clauw, Daniel, & Baraniuk, James N (2002). Cytokines in nasal lavage fluids from acute sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and chronic fatigue syndrome subjects.. Allergy and asthma proceedings. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12125506/
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-repka-ramirez-2002-cytokines-nasal,
author = {Repka-Ramirez, Susana and Naranch, Kristina and Park, Yong-Jin and Clauw, Daniel and Baraniuk, James N},
title = {Cytokines in nasal lavage fluids from acute sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and chronic fatigue syndrome subjects.},
journal = {Allergy and asthma proceedings},
year = {2002},
note = {PubMed: 12125506},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/repka-ramirez-2002-cytokines-nasal},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-30. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/repka-ramirez-2002-cytokines-nasal
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