Tietjen, Gretchen E, Brandes, Jan L, Peterlin, B Lee et al. · Headache · 2010 · DOI
This study looked at people with migraine who came to headache clinics and asked whether childhood trauma (abuse or neglect) was connected to having multiple pain conditions at the same time, including chronic fatigue syndrome. They found that people who experienced emotional abuse or physical neglect as children were more likely to have multiple pain conditions as adults, even after accounting for depression and anxiety.
This study is relevant to ME/CFS because 16% of the migraine cohort had physician-diagnosed CFS, and the findings suggest that childhood maltreatment may be a risk factor for developing multiple concurrent pain conditions. Understanding these associations could help identify vulnerable populations and inform trauma-informed approaches to ME/CFS care, particularly given the high comorbidity rates observed (61% had at least one additional pain condition).
This study does not prove that childhood maltreatment *causes* CFS or other pain conditions—it only shows association. The cross-sectional design prevents determination of temporal relationships. Additionally, the study cannot establish whether maltreatment directly leads to pain conditions, or whether other factors (shared genetic vulnerability, chronic stress responses, reporting bias) explain the association.
About the PEM badge: “PEM required” means post-exertional malaise was an explicit required diagnostic criterion for participant inclusion in this study — not that PEM was studied, observed, or discussed. Studies using criteria that do not require PEM (e.g. Fukuda, Oxford) are tagged “PEM not required”. How the atlas works →
The first block is for the primary paper and is the citation you should use in research work. The atlas-snapshot line only applies if you are specifically referring to this atlas’s reading of the paper on the date shown.
Primary citation
Tietjen, Gretchen E, Brandes, Jan L, Peterlin, B Lee, Eloff, Arnolda, Dafer, Rima M, Stein, Michael R, et al. (2010). Childhood maltreatment and migraine (part III). Association with comorbid pain conditions.. Headache. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01558.x
BibTeX
@article{mecfsatlas-tietjen-2010-childhood-maltreatment,
author = {Tietjen, Gretchen E and Brandes, Jan L and Peterlin, B Lee and Eloff, Arnolda and Dafer, Rima M and Stein, Michael R and Drexler, Ellen and Martin, Vincent T and Hutchinson, Susan and Aurora, Sheena K and Recober, Ana and Herial, Nabeel A and Utley, Christine and White, Leah and Khuder, Sadik A},
title = {Childhood maltreatment and migraine (part III). Association with comorbid pain conditions.},
journal = {Headache},
year = {2010},
doi = {10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01558.x},
note = {PubMed: 19845780},
url = {https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/tietjen-2010-childhood-maltreatment},
}Atlas snapshot reference
ME/CFS Atlas. Generator v1 / Scanner v1.4 / policy v0.1. Accessed 2026-05-28. https://www.mecfsatlas.com/evidence/tietjen-2010-childhood-maltreatment
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