ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

5941–5960 of 6,188 studies

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

[Human herpesvirus 6. General overview].

Tîrdei, G, Ruţă, S M, Popescu, A E·Revue roumaine de virologie (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)·1994

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) is a common virus that infects most people before age three, usually causing no symptoms or only mild illness. Researchers have good understanding of how the virus works and spreads, but it remains unclear whether HHV6 plays a role in chronic fatigue syndrome and some other long-term illnesses. This review summarizes what we know and don't know about this virus.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryGuidelinePEM unclearGuideline

[Therapeutic guidelines in chronic fatigue syndrome].

Bertolín Guillén, J M, Bedate Villar, J·Actas luso-espanolas de neurologia, psiquiatria y ciencias afines·1994

This article reviews different treatment approaches for ME/CFS, which currently lacks a definitive cure. Researchers found that antidepressant medications—particularly amfebutamone and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors—showed the most promise, while other medications (antivirals, immune boosters, anti-inflammatory drugs) had limited success. A combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and comprehensive psychiatric management tailored to each patient's needs also appeared helpful.

Interventions

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM unclearEditorial

Fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and myofascial pain syndrome.

Goldenberg, D L·Current opinion in rheumatology·1994

This 1994 review examined three related conditions—fibromyalgia, ME/CFS, and myofascial pain syndrome—that often overlap and remain poorly understood. The author noted that these conditions frequently occur alongside Lyme disease and other medical or psychiatric illnesses. New research at that time suggested that problems with how the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) processes signals might play a role in fibromyalgia and ME/CFS.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCase-Control

Consideration of narcolepsy in the differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Ambrogetti, A, Olson, L G·The Medical journal of Australia·1994

This study describes four patients who were initially diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) but actually had a different condition called narcolepsy, which causes extreme daytime sleepiness. When these patients were properly diagnosed with narcolepsy and treated with a medication called methylphenidate, their symptoms improved significantly or resolved completely. The authors suggest that doctors should carefully check for narcolepsy in patients with CFS who report severe daytime sleepiness.

Sleep

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Upregulation of the 2-5A synthetase/RNase L antiviral pathway associated with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Suhadolnik, R J, Reichenbach, N L, Hitzges, P et al.·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This study found that people with ME/CFS have overactive immune signaling molecules called the 2-5A pathway in their blood cells, which normally fight viral infections. When patients received an experimental treatment, this overactive pathway calmed down and they improved clinically, and the researchers also found signs of a herpesvirus in almost all CFS patients tested.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Neurobiological aspects of the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Bearn, J, Wessely, S·European journal of clinical investigation·1994

This study looked at how the brain and nervous system may be involved in chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Researchers examined the biological mechanisms that might explain why people with ME/CFS experience persistent tiredness and other symptoms. The review helps identify which parts of the nervous system could be affected in this condition.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryBehavioralPEM not requiredCase-Control

A psychodynamic view of the chronic fatigue syndrome. The role of object relations in etiology and treatment.

Taerk, G, Gnam, W·General hospital psychiatry·1994

This study explored whether talk therapy focusing on early life relationships could help people with ME/CFS. Two patients received intensive psychoanalytic therapy (2-3 sessions per week for over 18 months), and the researchers found that when patients understood connections between their fatigue and relationship patterns, their symptoms improved. The study suggests that psychological factors related to early relationships may play a role in ME/CFS for some people.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

[The chronic fatigue syndrome].

Artsimovich, N G, Chugunov, V S, Kornev, A V et al.·Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·1994

ME/CFS is a serious condition that causes extreme tiredness, brain fog, and flu-like symptoms that can last for months or years. The condition affects people of all ages, but is most common in women under 45. Researchers believe the immune system is not working properly in people with ME/CFS, though the exact problem is still unclear.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

Eicosanoids and essential fatty acid modulation in chronic disease and the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Gray, J B, Martinovic, A M·Medical hypotheses·1994

This study proposes that ME/CFS may involve problems with how the body processes essential fatty acids—nutrients found in foods like fish and seeds. When stress is constant or too intense, the body's ability to use these fatty acids becomes sluggish, which can trigger ongoing immune system problems and exhaustion. The researchers suggest that changing your diet to better balance these fatty acids might help restore normal immune function and improve symptoms.

Energy MetabolismImmune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Dysregulated expression of tumor necrosis factor in chronic fatigue syndrome: interrelations with cellular sources and patterns of soluble immune mediator expression.

Patarca, R, Klimas, N G, Lugtendorf, S et al.·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This study tested blood samples from 70 ME/CFS patients and compared them to healthy people. Researchers found that about 60% of ME/CFS patients had unusually high levels of immune chemicals called cytokines, particularly two types called TNF-alpha and TNF-beta. These chemicals are normally released by the body to fight infections, but in ME/CFS patients they appeared to be abnormally activated even without an active infection.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryPEM not required

Cytomegalovirus-related sequence in an atypical cytopathic virus repeatedly isolated from a patient with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Martin, W J, Zeng, L C, Ahmed, K et al.·The American journal of pathology·1994

Researchers found an unusual virus in a patient with chronic fatigue syndrome that looked similar to cytomegalovirus (CMV) under a microscope but behaved differently. The virus had genetic material that partially matched CMV, but it didn't react to standard tests for known viruses. This suggests it may be a previously unknown type of virus that can establish a long-term infection in humans.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Professional and popular views of chronic fatigue syndrome.

MacLean, G, Wessely, S·BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·1994

This study looked at how ME/CFS was covered in different types of media between 1980 and 1994. Researchers found that scientific journals were skeptical about whether ME/CFS had physical causes, while newspapers and magazines tended to present it as a real medical illness. This difference in coverage may have confused the public and healthcare providers about what ME/CFS actually is.

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

[Chronic fatigue syndrome and psychiatric diseases].

Matsuno, T, Hikita, K, Matsuo, T·Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·1994

This 1994 commentary discusses whether ME/CFS is actually a form of depression or a separate condition. The authors argue that ME/CFS is genuinely different from depression because people with ME/CFS remain motivated and don't show the emotional numbness seen in depression. Instead, ME/CFS involves fatigue that fluctuates sharply, along with persistent physical symptoms like malaise and low fevers.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Cognitive functioning of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Johnson, S K, DeLuca, J, Fiedler, N et al.·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

Many people with ME/CFS experience brain fog and difficulty thinking clearly, which can be just as disabling as physical symptoms. This review examined research on these cognitive problems and found that the issue may not be with memory itself, but rather with how the brain processes information—like a computer that struggles to handle incoming data quickly enough. Understanding this difference is important for developing better treatments and support strategies.

Cognitive Impairment

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredObservational

Effort syndrome: hyperventilation and reduction of anaerobic threshold.

Nixon, P G·Biofeedback and self-regulation·1994

This study focuses on a condition called 'effort syndrome,' which causes people to feel exhausted during physical activity. The researchers found that patients with effort syndrome breathe too heavily (hyperventilate), which changes the chemistry of their blood and makes their muscles tire much earlier than normal. By measuring breathing patterns during exercise, doctors can identify how much work each patient can do before their body runs out of chemical buffers.

Post-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredObservational

Acylcarnitine deficiency in chronic fatigue syndrome.

Kuratsune, H, Yamaguti, K, Takahashi, M et al.·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This study found that people with ME/CFS have lower levels of acylcarnitine, a substance that helps muscles produce energy, in their blood. Because acylcarnitine plays an important role in how muscles use energy, this deficiency might explain why ME/CFS patients experience fatigue, muscle pain, and weakness. Importantly, acylcarnitine levels tended to improve as patients recovered, suggesting it could be useful for tracking disease severity.

BiomarkersPost-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

A brief history of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Kim, E·JAMA·1994

This is a historical review article that traces how chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) has been understood and described over time. The article examines the evolution of the condition from early medical descriptions through the modern era, helping readers understand how our knowledge of ME/CFS has changed. It provides context for why ME/CFS was named and recognized as a legitimate medical condition.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCase-Control

Wegener's granuloma--presenting as a unilateral parotid swelling.

Benson-Mitchell, R, Tolley, N, Croft, C B et al.·The Journal of laryngology and otology·1994

This case study describes one patient who was initially diagnosed with ME/CFS but later found to have Wegener's granuloma, a serious autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in blood vessels. The patient presented with hearing loss and swelling in one salivary gland, which is an unusual way for this disease to appear. The case highlights how important it is for doctors to consider other diagnoses when patients have unexpected symptoms.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome--a defined unity?].

Rasmussen, A K, Andersen, V, Nielsen, H et al.·Ugeskrift for laeger·1994

This 1994 review examined what scientists knew about ME/CFS at that time, looking at whether a persistent virus or immune system problem caused the condition. The authors found that existing research did not consistently support either explanation, and that different studies often contradicted each other. They concluded that more careful research was needed to understand what actually causes ME/CFS and how to tell it apart from other illnesses.

Immune SystemPost-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Levy, J A·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This review explores whether viruses might cause ME/CFS. Researchers found that while many different viruses have been suspected, no single virus has been proven to be the cause. However, studies show that people with ME/CFS have immune system abnormalities—particularly problems with cells that fight infection—suggesting their body may be stuck in an overactive response to a virus they once had or still have.

Immune System

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Evidence browser

[Human herpesvirus 6. General overview].

[Therapeutic guidelines in chronic fatigue syndrome].

Fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and myofascial pain syndrome.

Consideration of narcolepsy in the differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Upregulation of the 2-5A synthetase/RNase L antiviral pathway associated with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Neurobiological aspects of the chronic fatigue syndrome.

A psychodynamic view of the chronic fatigue syndrome. The role of object relations in etiology and treatment.

[The chronic fatigue syndrome].

Eicosanoids and essential fatty acid modulation in chronic disease and the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Dysregulated expression of tumor necrosis factor in chronic fatigue syndrome: interrelations with cellular sources and patterns of soluble immune mediator expression.

Cytomegalovirus-related sequence in an atypical cytopathic virus repeatedly isolated from a patient with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Professional and popular views of chronic fatigue syndrome.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome and psychiatric diseases].

Cognitive functioning of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Effort syndrome: hyperventilation and reduction of anaerobic threshold.

Acylcarnitine deficiency in chronic fatigue syndrome.

A brief history of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Wegener's granuloma--presenting as a unilateral parotid swelling.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome--a defined unity?].

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

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