ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

5981–6000 of 6,211 studies

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7).

Ablashi, D V, Berneman, Z N, Kramarsky, B et al.·In vivo (Athens, Greece)·1994

This review examines Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7), a common virus that infects most people in the United States. HHV-7 was first discovered in 1990 and was found in a ME/CFS patient in 1992, raising early questions about whether it might be involved in the illness. However, researchers have not yet found clear evidence that HHV-7 causes any specific disease.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Stealth viruses as neuropathogens.

Martin, W J·CAP today·1994

This article suggests that certain stealth viruses may damage the nervous system and contribute to various brain-related conditions, including ME/CFS. The authors note that diseases like ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, depression, and autism share overlapping symptoms—such as pain, mood changes, and cognitive problems—which may reflect a common underlying problem in how the brain responds to different triggers.

Neuroinflammation

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM not requiredMethods-Paper

Biological and molecular characteristics of human herpesvirus 7: in vitro growth optimization and development of a syncytia inhibition test.

Secchiero, P, Berneman, Z N, Gallo, R C et al.·Virology·1994

Researchers studied human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), a common virus that infects most people, by growing it in the laboratory using immune cells from both a ME/CFS patient and a healthy person. They developed better methods to produce large amounts of the virus and created a test to detect antibodies (immune proteins) against HHV-7 in blood samples. They found that most people tested had antibodies to this virus, showing it spreads widely in the population.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Effects of mild exercise on cytokines and cerebral blood flow in chronic fatigue syndrome patients.

Peterson, P K, Sirr, S A, Grammith, F C et al.·Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology·1994

Researchers tested whether light exercise (30 minutes of slow walking) would trigger abnormal immune and brain blood flow responses in ME/CFS patients compared to healthy people. They found that ME/CFS patients had higher levels of a specific immune protein (TGF-beta) both at rest and after exercise, and also showed changes in brain blood flow. These changes appeared larger in ME/CFS patients than in healthy controls, though the difference wasn't statistically significant.

Immune SystemPost-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

[Chronic fatigue syndrome and psychiatric diseases].

Matsuno, T, Hikita, K, Matsuo, T·Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·1994

This 1994 commentary discusses whether ME/CFS is actually a form of depression or a separate condition. The authors argue that ME/CFS is genuinely different from depression because people with ME/CFS remain motivated and don't show the emotional numbness seen in depression. Instead, ME/CFS involves fatigue that fluctuates sharply, along with persistent physical symptoms like malaise and low fevers.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM unclearEditorial

Fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and myofascial pain syndrome.

Goldenberg, D L·Current opinion in rheumatology·1994

This 1994 review examined three related conditions—fibromyalgia, ME/CFS, and myofascial pain syndrome—that often overlap and remain poorly understood. The author noted that these conditions frequently occur alongside Lyme disease and other medical or psychiatric illnesses. New research at that time suggested that problems with how the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) processes signals might play a role in fibromyalgia and ME/CFS.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Chronic fatigue syndrome: a novel disorder with cutaneous manifestations.

Rebora, A, Drago, F·Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)·1994

This study describes skin problems that appear in some ME/CFS patients, occurring in about 10-35% of cases. Researchers found that patients sometimes develop mouth sores or skin rashes, possibly related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The study emphasizes that ME/CFS is diagnosed when someone has severe, disabling fatigue lasting at least 6 months with no other medical condition explaining it.

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

MELISA-an in vitro tool for the study of metal allergy.

Stejskal, V D, Cederbrant, K, Lindvall, A et al.·Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA·1994

This study tested whether certain metals used in dental work and medical devices can trigger immune system reactions in people with chronic fatigue and mouth problems. Researchers used a laboratory test called MELISA to measure how immune cells from patients responded to metals like mercury, gold, and palladium. They found that people with symptoms had stronger immune reactions to these metals than healthy people without symptoms, suggesting a possible connection between metal exposure and their health problems.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome].

Sternon, J, Decaux, G, Hoffmann, G·Revue medicale de Bruxelles·1994

This paper describes how doctors can diagnose ME/CFS using specific criteria and discusses what might cause the condition. The authors note that viral infections may trigger ME/CFS, and that anxiety or depression can make symptoms worse. Importantly, they found that some patients improve on their own after a few years, though most don't respond well to available treatments.

SleepDiagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Dysregulated expression of tumor necrosis factor in chronic fatigue syndrome: interrelations with cellular sources and patterns of soluble immune mediator expression.

Patarca, R, Klimas, N G, Lugtendorf, S et al.·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This study tested blood samples from 70 ME/CFS patients and compared them to healthy people. Researchers found that about 60% of ME/CFS patients had unusually high levels of immune chemicals called cytokines, particularly two types called TNF-alpha and TNF-beta. These chemicals are normally released by the body to fight infections, but in ME/CFS patients they appeared to be abnormally activated even without an active infection.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinical, social psychological problems and management].

Wessely, S·L'Encephale·1994

This review examines ME/CFS by comparing it to an older condition called neurasthenia and explores what causes the illness. The authors suggest that ME/CFS likely involves multiple factors including brain chemistry changes, difficulty perceiving effort, mood problems, and reduced physical activity—rather than being purely psychological or a muscle problem. They recommend cognitive-behavioral therapy (gradual activity increase) and antidepressants as the main treatments, while warning that too much rest can actually make the condition worse long-term.

Sleep

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Chronic fatigue syndrome: a diagnostic challenge for the laboratory.

Lanham, R J·Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology·1994

This review examined what we know about ME/CFS, a condition characterized by extreme tiredness, pain, and thinking difficulties that come and go in cycles. While researchers don't yet know what causes ME/CFS, studies show that people with this condition often have unusual immune system test results. Currently, there is no single blood test or marker that can definitively diagnose ME/CFS, so doctors treat symptoms based on what each patient experiences.

Immune SystemPost-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Neuropsychiatric status of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: an overview.

Deluca, J, Johnson, S K, Natelson, B H·Toxicology and industrial health·1994

This review examines how ME/CFS affects thinking, memory, and mental health. Researchers compared people with ME/CFS to people with multiple sclerosis, depression, and healthy individuals to understand the neuropsychiatric symptoms (brain and mental health effects) that often accompany the chronic fatigue. The study suggests that cognitive problems in ME/CFS are a real biological feature of the illness, not simply depression.

Cognitive Impairment

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

A brief history of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Kim, E·JAMA·1994

This is a historical review article that traces how chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) has been understood and described over time. The article examines the evolution of the condition from early medical descriptions through the modern era, helping readers understand how our knowledge of ME/CFS has changed. It provides context for why ME/CFS was named and recognized as a legitimate medical condition.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredObservational

Effort syndrome: hyperventilation and reduction of anaerobic threshold.

Nixon, P G·Biofeedback and self-regulation·1994

This study focuses on a condition called 'effort syndrome,' which causes people to feel exhausted during physical activity. The researchers found that patients with effort syndrome breathe too heavily (hyperventilate), which changes the chemistry of their blood and makes their muscles tire much earlier than normal. By measuring breathing patterns during exercise, doctors can identify how much work each patient can do before their body runs out of chemical buffers.

Post-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Ablashi, D V·Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·1994

This review article examines whether viruses play a role in causing ME/CFS by looking at existing research on viral infections in patients with this condition. The author analyzes studies investigating connections between various viruses and ME/CFS symptoms. The review helps summarize what scientists knew in 1994 about potential viral causes of the illness.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

[The chronic fatigue syndrome].

Artsimovich, N G, Chugunov, V S, Kornev, A V et al.·Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·1994

ME/CFS is a serious condition that causes extreme tiredness, brain fog, and flu-like symptoms that can last for months or years. The condition affects people of all ages, but is most common in women under 45. Researchers believe the immune system is not working properly in people with ME/CFS, though the exact problem is still unclear.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryBehavioralPEM unclearCase-Control

Chronic fatigue syndrome or affective disorder? Implications of the diagnosis on management.

Giannopoulou, Joanna, Marriott, Sarah·European child & adolescent psychiatry·1994

This case study describes a teenage boy who was initially thought to have post-viral fatigue syndrome (a condition similar to ME/CFS that follows infections) but was actually diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a mental health condition involving extreme mood swings. The doctors discuss how difficult it can be to tell the difference between these two conditions in young people, and how getting the diagnosis wrong can seriously affect their treatment and development.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

The ocular signs and symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Caffery, B E, Josephson, J E, Samek, M J·Journal of the American Optometric Association·1994

This study looked at eye problems in 25 people with ME/CFS and found that all of them experienced some eye-related symptoms. The most common issues were problems with tears and the eye's surface, as well as difficulty focusing on close objects. Eye doctors should be aware of these issues when examining ME/CFS patients.

Pain and Sensitization

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Corticospinal excitability in patients diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Brouwer, B, Packer, T·Muscle & nerve·1994

This 1994 study examined how the nervous system controls muscle movement in people with ME/CFS by measuring a specific type of nerve signal called corticospinal excitability. Researchers looked at whether the connection between the brain and muscles works differently in ME/CFS patients compared to healthy controls. The study explored whether abnormalities in this nerve-to-muscle communication might explain some of the muscle-related symptoms in ME/CFS.

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Evidence browser

Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7).

Stealth viruses as neuropathogens.

Biological and molecular characteristics of human herpesvirus 7: in vitro growth optimization and development of a syncytia inhibition test.

Effects of mild exercise on cytokines and cerebral blood flow in chronic fatigue syndrome patients.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome and psychiatric diseases].

Fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and myofascial pain syndrome.

Chronic fatigue syndrome: a novel disorder with cutaneous manifestations.

MELISA-an in vitro tool for the study of metal allergy.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome].

Dysregulated expression of tumor necrosis factor in chronic fatigue syndrome: interrelations with cellular sources and patterns of soluble immune mediator expression.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinical, social psychological problems and management].

Chronic fatigue syndrome: a diagnostic challenge for the laboratory.

Neuropsychiatric status of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: an overview.

A brief history of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Effort syndrome: hyperventilation and reduction of anaerobic threshold.

Viral studies of chronic fatigue syndrome.

[The chronic fatigue syndrome].

Chronic fatigue syndrome or affective disorder? Implications of the diagnosis on management.

The ocular signs and symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Corticospinal excitability in patients diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome.

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