ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

2423 studies

2301–2320 of 2,423 studies

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Evaluation and management of patients with chronic fatigue.

Matthews, D A, Manu, P, Lane, T J·The American journal of the medical sciences·1991

This review article examines how doctors diagnose and treat patients who experience chronic fatigue in everyday medical practice. The authors note that chronic fatigue has many possible causes, including medical illnesses, psychiatric conditions like depression and anxiety, lifestyle factors, and medications. They emphasize that building trust with patients and using a combination of psychiatric evaluation, functional assessment, and both medication and behavioral therapy approaches are important for effective care.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryPEM not required

Magnesium and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)·1991

This article explores whether magnesium might help people with chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Magnesium is a mineral found in foods that helps muscles and nerves work properly. The authors suggest that magnesium could potentially improve symptoms in people with ME/CFS, though more research is needed to confirm this.

E3 PreliminaryBehavioralPEM unclear

Effective treatment for an adolescent with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Wachsmuth, J R, MacMillan, H L·Clinical pediatrics·1991

This study describes the case of a teenager with chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) who received treatment. The doctors documented how the patient was evaluated and what approach was used to help manage their symptoms. This single case report provides an early clinical example of treating ME/CFS in young patients.

Interventions

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

[Chronic fatigue syndrome. II. Psychosocial hypothesis].

Vercoulen, J H, Swanink, C M, Galama, J M et al.·Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde·1991

This 1991 study examined whether psychological and social factors might explain chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The researchers looked at how mental health, stress, and life circumstances could contribute to the persistent exhaustion and illness that defines ME/CFS.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Clinical indications and diagnostic techniques of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection.

Krueger, G R, Ablashi, D V, Josephs, S F et al.·In vivo (Athens, Greece)·1991

This review examines how doctors can diagnose human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection and its connection to various illnesses, including a condition called postinfectious chronic fatigue syndrome. HHV-6 is a common virus that most people catch in childhood and then carry dormant in their bodies for life. The authors explain which tests doctors should use to accurately identify active HHV-6 infection and discuss why proper diagnosis matters for treatment.

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Muscle performance, voluntary activation, twitch properties and perceived effort in normal subjects and patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Lloyd, A R, Gandevia, S C, Hales, J P·Brain : a journal of neurology·1991

Researchers tested whether ME/CFS patients have weak muscles or lack motivation during exercise compared to healthy people. They measured muscle strength and effort in both groups while performing repetitive arm exercises for 45 minutes. Both groups showed similar muscle performance and reported similar levels of effort, suggesting that muscle weakness or poor motivation are not the primary causes of fatigue in ME/CFS.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) (short review).

Ablashi, D V, Salahuddin, S Z, Josephs, S F et al.·In vivo (Athens, Greece)·1991

This review examines Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), a common virus that most people carry. The virus can reactivate in people with certain illnesses, including ME/CFS. The study found that people with ME/CFS sometimes have higher levels of antibodies to HHV-6, suggesting the virus may be active in their bodies.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Altered cytokine release in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Chao, C C, Janoff, E N, Hu, S X et al.·Cytokine·1991

This study found that immune cells from people with ME/CFS respond differently to stimulation than cells from healthy people. Specifically, when researchers activated these immune cells in the lab, they released higher levels of inflammatory molecules (IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha), suggesting that ME/CFS patients' immune cells may be in a heightened state of readiness. The study also found unusual patterns in a molecule called TGF-beta, which normally helps regulate immune responses.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM not requiredEditorial

Neuro-ocular Lyme borreliosis.

Smith, J L·Neurologic clinics·1991

This study suggests that some patients diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) might actually have Lyme disease, a tick-borne infection that can affect the brain and eyes. The authors recommend doctors ask CFS patients detailed questions about tick exposure and check for specific eye and neurological problems, then use blood and urine tests to look for evidence of Lyme infection.

Diagnostics

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM unclearCase-Control

Fibromyalgia and parvovirus infection.

Leventhal, L J, Naides, S J, Freundlich, B·Arthritis and rheumatism·1991

This study describes three patients who developed fibromyalgia (a condition causing widespread pain and fatigue) shortly after having parvovirus B19 infections. Blood tests confirmed the virus was present, and sleep studies showed abnormal sleep patterns in two patients. The researchers suggest that doctors should look more carefully for viral infections in fibromyalgia patients whose symptoms started with flu-like illness.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM unclearObservational

Anti-neuronal antibody levels in chronic fatigue syndrome patients with neurologic abnormalities.

Buchwald, D, Wener, M H, Komaroff, A L·Arthritis and rheumatism·1991

This study looked at whether people with ME/CFS who have neurological symptoms (like problems with thinking or nerve function) have unusual antibodies in their blood that attack nerve cells. Researchers tested blood samples from ME/CFS patients and compared antibody levels between those with and without neurological problems. The goal was to understand whether immune system misdirection might be causing some of the neurological symptoms patients experience.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Myalgic encephalomyelitis (chronic fatigue syndrome): an historic perspective.

Hyde, B M·Canada diseases weekly report = Rapport hebdomadaire des maladies au Canada·1991

This article provides a historical overview of myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS), tracing how the condition has been understood and documented over time. It examines the disease's recognition in medical literature and explores how ME/CFS has been characterized throughout history. This historical perspective helps patients and the public understand how medical understanding of this illness has evolved.

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredObservational

Postinfectious chronic fatigue syndrome: case history of thirty-five patients in Germany.

Hilgers, A, Krueger, G R, Lembke, U et al.·In vivo (Athens, Greece)·1991

This study followed 35 ME/CFS patients in Germany for up to eight years and found that most experienced severe fatigue, joint and muscle pain, sore throats, and various other symptoms. Researchers found evidence of herpesvirus reactivation in about 73% of patients and Epstein-Barr virus in about 34%, suggesting ongoing viral activity may play a role in the condition. While treatments were tried including immune therapy and antiviral drugs, none consistently worked well, though immune globulin therapy showed the most promise.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

The chronic fatigue syndrome: a reappraisal and unifying hypothesis.

Byrne, E·Clinical and experimental neurology·1991

This 1991 review examined ME/CFS from multiple scientific angles—including viral infection, immune system problems, metabolism, and mental health—to understand why this condition develops. The authors proposed that ME/CFS typically results from a combination of factors: personal characteristics before illness (like psychological traits or immune vulnerabilities), a trigger (such as a virus), and how someone's emotions respond to being sick. Rather than having one single cause, ME/CFS appears to exist on a spectrum of different presentations.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Testing of vestibular function: an adjunct in the assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Furman, J M·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

Many people with ME/CFS experience dizziness and balance problems, but doctors don't fully understand why. This study looked at whether problems with the inner ear (the system that helps control balance) might explain these symptoms. The researchers tested the vestibular system—which controls balance and eye movement—using specialized equipment to see if people with ME/CFS had measurable abnormalities in how this system works.

Autonomic Nervous System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Analysis of clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory data on chronic fatigue syndrome.

Redmond, C K·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

This paper reviews how ME/CFS research has been studied and analyzed over time. The authors found that many ME/CFS studies don't use the best statistical methods available. They recommend that future ME/CFS research should include expert statisticians who can use more advanced analytical techniques to better understand patterns in patient data and find clues about what causes this illness.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Nervous system-immune system communication.

Arnason, B G·Reviews of infectious diseases·1991

Some people's bodies may be genetically or biologically wired to respond to infections in a way that leads to ME/CFS. This review examines how the immune system and nervous system communicate with each other through chemical messengers like interleukin-1 and hormones. The author suggests that measuring these chemicals in patients with ME/CFS compared to healthy people could help us understand why some people develop this disease after an infection.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Neurasthenia and chronic fatigue syndrome: the role of culture in the making of a diagnosis.

Abbey, S E, Garfinkel, P E·The American journal of psychiatry·1991

This article compares chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) to an older diagnosis called neurasthenia that was common in the 1800s. The authors suggest that both conditions became popular during times of major social and economic change, and both were seen as medical rather than mental health problems. They argue that CFS may eventually be viewed the same way neurasthenia is today—as primarily a psychiatric or stress-related condition rather than a distinct medical illness.

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM not requiredReview-Narrative

Depression and chronic fatigue in the patient with chronic pain.

Covington, E C·Primary care·1991

This study explores how chronic pain, fatigue, and depression often occur together in patients. The authors suggest that these three conditions share common causes and may influence each other. Treatment works best when doctors address each problem separately using a combination of physical rehabilitation, education, medications, and counseling.

Pain and Sensitization

E3 PreliminaryCommentaryPEM unclearEditorial

Pain syndromes, disability, and chronic disease in childhood.

Malleson, P N·Current opinion in rheumatology·1991

This editorial discusses how chronic pain and long-term illnesses affect children, and suggests that conditions like fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) may be related to each other. The author notes that doctors need better training to understand these complex conditions and that psychological factors may play a role in how these illnesses develop and affect children's lives.

Pain and Sensitization

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Evaluation and management of patients with chronic fatigue.

Magnesium and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Effective treatment for an adolescent with chronic fatigue syndrome.

[Chronic fatigue syndrome. II. Psychosocial hypothesis].

Clinical indications and diagnostic techniques of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection.

Muscle performance, voluntary activation, twitch properties and perceived effort in normal subjects and patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) (short review).

Altered cytokine release in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Neuro-ocular Lyme borreliosis.

Fibromyalgia and parvovirus infection.

Anti-neuronal antibody levels in chronic fatigue syndrome patients with neurologic abnormalities.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis (chronic fatigue syndrome): an historic perspective.

Postinfectious chronic fatigue syndrome: case history of thirty-five patients in Germany.

The chronic fatigue syndrome: a reappraisal and unifying hypothesis.

Testing of vestibular function: an adjunct in the assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Analysis of clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory data on chronic fatigue syndrome.

Nervous system-immune system communication.

Neurasthenia and chronic fatigue syndrome: the role of culture in the making of a diagnosis.

Depression and chronic fatigue in the patient with chronic pain.

Pain syndromes, disability, and chronic disease in childhood.

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