ME/CFS Evidence Browser — Classified Studies on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

621–640 of 1,186 studies

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Prevalence of EBV, HHV6, HCMV, HAdV, SARS-CoV-2, and Autoantibodies to Type I Interferon in Sputum from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients.

Hannestad, Ulf, Allard, Annika, Nilsson, Kent et al.·Viruses·2025

This study tested sputum (saliva and mucus) samples from ME/CFS patients and healthy people to look for viruses and signs of immune dysfunction. Researchers found that ME/CFS patients had significantly higher levels of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) compared to controls, but surprisingly, most people carried human herpesvirus 6 at similar levels. The study suggests that ME/CFS patients may have trouble fighting off viruses, but this isn't simply due to the immune system attacking itself.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM requiredPreprintPreprint

Dissecting the genetic complexity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome via deep learning-powered genome analysis.

Zhang, Sai, Jahanbani, Fereshteh, Chander, Varuna et al.·medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025

Researchers used advanced artificial intelligence to analyze the genes of ME/CFS patients and discovered 115 genes that may contribute to the disease. They found that people with ME/CFS have lower levels of these risk genes active in their immune cells and nervous system. This genetic analysis could eventually help doctors diagnose ME/CFS more accurately and identify new treatment targets.

BiomarkersCognitive ImpairmentImmune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM unclearMethods-Paper

Using Single-Cell Raman Microspectroscopy to Profile Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Gan, Elizabeth, Stoker, Megan, Guo, Edie et al.·Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2025

This study describes a new laboratory technique called Raman microspectroscopy that can examine individual immune cells from blood samples in detail. The technique uses light and computer analysis to identify chemical differences inside cells that might help doctors distinguish between people with chronic illnesses and healthy people, potentially leading to better diagnosis and treatment.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM not requiredCross-Sectional

Histone phosphorylation analysis of two main TCM syndromes of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Xu, Tingting, Gao, Shuo, Cheng, Xinxin et al.·Journal of translational medicine·2025

Researchers studied blood cells from 20 ME/CFS patients (divided into two Traditional Chinese Medicine symptom patterns) and 10 healthy controls. They found differences in how proteins were modified in the blood cells of ME/CFS patients compared to healthy people. These differences involved processes that affect how cells communicate with each other and organize their internal structures.

BiomarkersImmune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Autoantibody targeting therapies in post COVID syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Wohlrab, Felix, Eltity, Mailam, Ufer, Friederike et al.·Expert opinion on biological therapy·2025

This article reviews how certain immune system proteins called autoantibodies—which the body mistakenly makes against itself—may contribute to both long COVID and ME/CFS. The authors discuss different treatment approaches that aim to reduce or neutralize these harmful autoantibodies. This editorial examines the current evidence and potential of these new therapies to help patients with these conditions.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

Core features and inherent diversity of post-acute infection syndromes.

Trautmann, Alain·Frontiers in immunology·2025

This review examines post-acute infection syndromes—long-lasting illnesses that develop after infections don't fully resolve, including ME/CFS. These conditions share common core symptoms like extreme fatigue, brain fog, sleep problems, and pain, but can also include many other varied symptoms that come and go over months or years. The authors propose that these illnesses arise from a combination of persistent infection traces, immune system problems, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in how the brain processes body signals, with individual differences determining which symptoms appear.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM requiredReview-Narrative

Advocating the role of trained immunity in the pathogenesis of ME/CFS: a mini review.

Humer, Bart, Dik, Willem A, Versnel, Marjan A·Frontiers in immunology·2025

This review explores how a single severe infection might trigger long-term changes in the immune system that could lead to ME/CFS. After infection, immune cells can become 'trained' to overreact to future triggers, potentially causing the chronic symptoms patients experience. The researchers suggest this overactive immune response might explain why about 60% of ME/CFS patients remember getting sick before their symptoms started.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM unclearMethods-Paper

Deep Immunophenotyping in ME/CFS Using Spectral Flow Cytometry.

Gibson, Anton, Chometon, Thaize Q, Damani, Tanvi et al.·Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2025

Researchers developed a new laboratory technique to examine immune cells in the blood of ME/CFS patients in much greater detail than previously possible. Using advanced flow cytometry, they simultaneously measured over 40 different markers on individual immune cells, allowing them to create a detailed map of immune system abnormalities in ME/CFS. This technique is like upgrading from a simple photograph to a high-resolution image, revealing much more about how immune cells are behaving.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM unclearCase-Control

HERV Dysregulation in a Case of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis Responsive to Rituximab.

Martín-Martínez, Eva, Gil-Perotin, Sara, Giménez-Orenga, Karen et al.·International journal of molecular sciences·2025

This study describes one patient who had ME/CFS and was later diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Doctors discovered that his blood had unusual patterns of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs)—ancient viral-like sequences in our DNA that can sometimes affect immune function. Importantly, this patient improved significantly after receiving rituximab, a treatment that modifies the immune system, even though standard treatments had not worked for him.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryCohortPEM unclearCase-Control

A Case of Psoriasis Concurrently Complicated by Sacroiliitis and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

Iijima, Mami, Miyagaki, Tomomitsu, Nakajima, Kaori et al.·Cureus·2025

This case report describes one patient who developed psoriasis (a skin condition), sacroiliitis (inflammation of joints in the lower back), and ME/CFS all around the same time. The researchers reviewed what is known about how these three conditions might be connected through shared immune system problems. The study suggests that people with psoriasis may be at higher risk of developing ME/CFS, possibly because both conditions involve similar types of inflammatory immune responses.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM not requiredMethods-Paper

Profiling Antibody Reactivity to Gut Microbes in ME/CFS Patients.

Seton, Katharine A, Carding, Simon R·Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2025

This study looks at how the immune system of ME/CFS patients reacts to bacteria in the gut. Many ME/CFS patients have changes in their gut bacteria and a leaky gut lining that allows bacteria and their toxic products to enter the bloodstream, potentially triggering widespread inflammation. The researchers developed methods to measure specific immune proteins (antibodies) that ME/CFS patients produce in response to these gut bacteria, compared to healthy household members.

Immune SystemGut Microbiome

E3 PreliminaryReviewPEM unclearReview-Narrative

The origin of autoimmune diseases: is there a role for ancestral HLA-II haplotypes in immune hyperactivity.

Ruiz-Pablos, Manuel, Paiva, Bruno, Zabaleta, Aintzane·Frontiers in immunology·2025

This review examines how certain genes related to immune system recognition (HLA genes) might make some people more susceptible to autoimmune diseases and conditions like ME/CFS. These genes were originally helpful in protecting our ancestors from infections, but in today's environment they may cause the immune system to overreact. The authors suggest that modern stressors like infections, vaccines, and obesity might trigger this hyperactive immune response in people carrying these genes.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM unclearMethods-Paper

Quantitative Proteomics on Immune Cells of ME/CFS Patients Using SWATH-MS.

Kumar, Abhishek, Peppercorn, Katie, Kleffmann, Torsten·Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2025

This study describes a detailed scientific method for examining proteins in immune cells taken from the blood of ME/CFS patients. Researchers used advanced technology called SWATH-MS (a type of mass spectrometry) to identify and measure thousands of proteins at once. The paper explains the step-by-step process they used so that other researchers can use the same method to find protein abnormalities in ME/CFS.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM unclearCross-Sectional

Upregulation of olfactory receptors and neuronal-associated genes highlights complex immune and neuronal dysregulation in Long COVID patients.

Shahbaz, Shima, Rezaeifar, Maryam, Syed, Hussein et al.·Brain, behavior, and immunity·2025

Researchers studied blood samples from Long COVID patients with ME/CFS-like symptoms and compared them to healthy controls. They found that certain genes related to immune function and brain health were turned on in the patients, while others were turned off. The study also discovered unusual activation of smell-related genes and changes in immune cell types, suggesting the body remains in a state of ongoing inflammation and stress.

BiomarkersImmune SystemNeuroinflammation

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

HLA and pathogens in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and other post-infection conditions.

Georgopoulos, Apostolos P, James, Lisa M, Peterson, Philip K·Scientific reports·2025

This study explores why some people develop ME/CFS after viral infections while others don't. Researchers looked at immune system genes (HLA types) and tested how well they recognize and fight nine common human herpes viruses. They found that people with certain HLA types have weak immune recognition of these viruses, potentially allowing the viruses to persist and cause ME/CFS, while people with other HLA types have strong recognition and protection.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Direct effects of prolonged TNF-α and IL-6 exposure on neural activity in human iPSC-derived neuron-astrocyte co-cultures.

Goshi, Noah, Lam, Doris, Bogguri, Chandrakumar et al.·Frontiers in cellular neuroscience·2025

This study looked at how two inflammatory chemicals (TNF-α and IL-6) that are elevated in ME/CFS and long-COVID patients affect brain cells. Researchers grew human brain cells in the lab and exposed them to these chemicals for several days. They found that these inflammatory chemicals changed how the brain cells communicate with each other, which could help explain why patients experience cognitive problems like brain fog and difficulty concentrating.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM not requiredMechanistic

Polymerized Type I Collagen Downregulates STAT-1 Phosphorylation Through Engagement with LAIR-1 in Circulating Monocytes, Avoiding Long COVID.

Olivares-Martínez, Elizabeth, Hernández-Ramírez, Diego Francisco, Núñez-Álvarez, Carlos Alberto et al.·International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Researchers tested a treatment called polymerized type I collagen (PTIC) in COVID-19 patients and found it may help reduce excessive inflammation by calming down immune cells called monocytes. The treatment appeared to improve breathing, reduce fatigue, chest pain, and cough in both the acute phase and long-term recovery from COVID-19. This finding could potentially be relevant for patients with long COVID or ME/CFS, which involve similar inflammatory problems.

Immune System

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM requiredMechanistic

Precision Medicine Study of Post-Exertional Malaise Epigenetic Changes in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Patients During Exercise.

Sharma, Sayan, Hodges, Lynette D, Peppercorn, Katie et al.·International journal of molecular sciences·2025

This study looked at how exercise affects the chemical switches on our genes (epigenetics) in ME/CFS patients, particularly during post-exertional malaise (PEM)—the exhaustion that worsens after physical activity. Researchers took blood samples from five ME/CFS patients before, immediately after, and 24-48 hours after an exercise test, and found distinct patterns of genetic changes that were specific to ME/CFS patients and not seen in healthy controls. These changes affected genes related to immune function, inflammation, and blood vessel health, suggesting the body's response to exercise in ME/CFS is fundamentally different at the molecular level.

BiomarkersPost-Exertional MalaiseImmune System

E3 PreliminaryDiagnosticPEM requiredMethods-Paper

Stress-Induced Changes in Immune Signatures in ME/CFS Patients Determined by Transcriptome Analysis.

Gamer, Jackson, Van Booven, Derek, Zarnowski, Oskar et al.·Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2025

Researchers studied how the immune system of ME/CFS patients responds to exercise by examining blood cells before, during, and after a physical challenge. They compared these responses in ME/CFS patients to healthy people using advanced genetic testing. This study is part of ongoing efforts to understand what makes ME/CFS different at a biological level and why exercise can make symptoms worse.

Immune SystemPost-Exertional Malaise

E3 PreliminaryMechanismPEM requiredMechanistic

Heightened innate immunity may trigger chronic inflammation, fatigue and post-exertional malaise in ME/CFS.

Che, Xiaoyu, Ranjan, Amit, Guo, Cheng et al.·npj metabolic health and disease·2025

This study examined blood samples and immune responses in ME/CFS patients to understand why they experience extreme fatigue and feeling worse after activity. Researchers found that patients' immune systems overreact to germs, their bodies have trouble producing energy efficiently, and they have several chemical imbalances in their blood. These problems got worse after exercise and matched how sick patients felt.

Energy MetabolismPost-Exertional MalaiseImmune System

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Prevalence of EBV, HHV6, HCMV, HAdV, SARS-CoV-2, and Autoantibodies to Type I Interferon in Sputum from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients.

Dissecting the genetic complexity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome via deep learning-powered genome analysis.

Using Single-Cell Raman Microspectroscopy to Profile Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Histone phosphorylation analysis of two main TCM syndromes of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Autoantibody targeting therapies in post COVID syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Core features and inherent diversity of post-acute infection syndromes.

Advocating the role of trained immunity in the pathogenesis of ME/CFS: a mini review.

Deep Immunophenotyping in ME/CFS Using Spectral Flow Cytometry.

HERV Dysregulation in a Case of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis Responsive to Rituximab.

A Case of Psoriasis Concurrently Complicated by Sacroiliitis and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

Profiling Antibody Reactivity to Gut Microbes in ME/CFS Patients.

The origin of autoimmune diseases: is there a role for ancestral HLA-II haplotypes in immune hyperactivity.

Quantitative Proteomics on Immune Cells of ME/CFS Patients Using SWATH-MS.

Upregulation of olfactory receptors and neuronal-associated genes highlights complex immune and neuronal dysregulation in Long COVID patients.

HLA and pathogens in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and other post-infection conditions.

Direct effects of prolonged TNF-α and IL-6 exposure on neural activity in human iPSC-derived neuron-astrocyte co-cultures.

Polymerized Type I Collagen Downregulates STAT-1 Phosphorylation Through Engagement with LAIR-1 in Circulating Monocytes, Avoiding Long COVID.

Precision Medicine Study of Post-Exertional Malaise Epigenetic Changes in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Patients During Exercise.

Stress-Induced Changes in Immune Signatures in ME/CFS Patients Determined by Transcriptome Analysis.

Heightened innate immunity may trigger chronic inflammation, fatigue and post-exertional malaise in ME/CFS.

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